Zinc oxide-nanoparticle impregnated poultry droppings activated carbon for model oil desulfurization: Experimental investigation and regression modelling with uncertainty quantification

Next Nanotechnology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100164

Kazeem K. Salam , Idayat A. Olowonyo , Kehinde A. Babatunde , Monsuru O. Dauda , Dauda O. Araromi , Mujidat O. Aremu , Opeoluwa D. Sole-Adeoye , Temitope O. Adesina

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Abstract

This study presents a novel, eco-friendly approach for adsorptive desulfurization, utilizing Poultry Droppings (PD) and Garlic Peel (GP) wastes to develop a high-performance green adsorbent for the removal of Dibenzothiopene (DBT) from Model Oil (MO). PD was thermally and chemically modified to PD-Activated Carbon (PDAC) and PDAC impregnated with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (PDAC-ZnO-NPs). The produced adsorbents (PDAC and PDAC-ZnO-NPs) were appropriately characterized. Batch adsorption experiment was designed by Definitive Screening Design (DSD) for parameters: adsorption temperature (25 – 50°C), contact time (10 – 60 min), agitation rate (50 – 250 rpm), and adsorbent dosage (50 – 250 mg). ZnO nanoparticle impregnation increased the surface area from 965 m²/g to 981 m²/g and enhanced the availability of oxygen-containing functional groups, thereby improving DBT affinity. The BET surface area increased from 965 m²/g to 981 m²/g after ZnO-NP impregnation, indicating enhanced adsorption capacity. The equilibrium data for DBT removal were fitted to isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic models, with model constants evaluated. The desulfurization process achieved an optimum DBT percentage removal (%DBTR) of 85.47 % with PDAC and 95.12 % with PDAC-ZnO-NPs. The desulfurization equilibrium data fitted the Freundlich isotherm, the Pseudo-Second-Order (PSO) kinetic model and, thermodynamic analysis indicated that DBT removal process was spontaneous and endothermic, with entropy (ΔS) and enthalpy (ΔH) changes of 140.12 J/mol·K and 40.25 kJ/mol for PDAC, and 110.49 J/mol·K and 30.01 kJ/mol for PDAC-ZnO-NPs respectively. The %DBTR decreased by 6.1 % for PDAC-ZnO-NPs after five regeneration cycles, demonstrating its reusability. This study demonstrates the potential of sustainable bio-based adsorbents for efficient adsorptive desulfurization, paving the way for cleaner fuel production and enhanced environmental sustainability.

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氧化锌-纳米颗粒浸渍家禽粪便活性炭模型油脱硫：实验研究和不确定定量回归模型

本研究提出了一种新的、环保的吸附脱硫方法，利用家禽粪便（PD）和大蒜皮（GP）废物开发一种高性能的绿色吸附剂，用于去除模型油（MO）中的二苯并噻吩（DBT）。对PD进行了热化学改性，得到了PD-活性炭（PDAC）和PDAC浸渍氧化锌纳米颗粒（PDAC- zno - nps）。制备的吸附剂（PDAC和PDAC- zno - nps）进行了表征。采用确定性筛选设计（DSD）设计间歇式吸附实验，参数为：吸附温度（25 ~ 50℃）、接触时间（10 ~ 60 min）、搅拌速率（50 ~ 250 rpm）、吸附剂用量（50 ~ 250 mg）。ZnO纳米颗粒浸渍使其比表面积从965 m²/g增加到981 m²/g，并增强了含氧官能团的有效性，从而提高了DBT的亲和力。ZnO-NP浸渍后，BET比表面积由965 m²/g增加到981 m²/g，吸附能力增强。将DBT去除的平衡数据拟合到等温线、动力学和热力学模型中，并计算了模型常数。PDAC和PDAC- zno - nps的最佳DBT去除率分别为85.47 %和95.12 %。脱硫平衡数据符合Freundlich等温线和伪二阶（PSO）动力学模型，热力学分析表明DBT脱除过程是自发的吸热过程，PDAC的熵（ΔS）和焓（ΔH）变化分别为140.12 J/mol·K和40.25 kJ/mol， PDAC- zno - nps的熵（ΔS）和焓（ΔH）变化分别为110.49 J/mol·K和30.01 kJ/mol。经过5次再生循环后，PDAC-ZnO-NPs的DBTR %下降了6.1 %，表明其可重复使用。这项研究证明了可持续生物基吸附剂在高效吸附脱硫方面的潜力，为清洁燃料生产和增强环境可持续性铺平了道路。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Next Nanotechnology

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