Neural activity is modulated by spontaneous and volitionally controlled breathing

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Suvi Karjalainen , Jan Kujala , Tiina Parviainen
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Abstract

Recent studies have provided evidence regarding respiration-brain coupling, but our understanding of how continuously varying dynamics of breathing modulate neural activity remains incomplete. We examined whether the neural state differs between spontaneous and volitionally controlled breathing and across the phases of breathing, inspiration and expiration. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) with a respiratory belt was used to record cortical oscillatory activity during spontaneous, deep, and square breathing (n = 33). Additionally, self-report measures of mood and arousal were applied to assess changes in the psychological state during the breathing techniques. Alpha power was suppressed during inspiration and increased during expiration (p < .01) indicating dynamically fluctuating neural states across the respiratory cycle. This effect was observed in the sensorimotor areas during both spontaneous and volitionally controlled deep breathing. Compared to spontaneous and volitionally controlled square breathing, alpha power increased during deep breathing (p < .01) within a cortical network extending to frontal and temporal areas. We also observed a steeper aperiodic slope and a broadband shift in the power spectrum in the left superior frontal gyrus during square breathing in comparison with spontaneous breathing suggesting that not only oscillatory activity but also the more general spectral characteristics of ongoing neural activity are modulated by the rate, depth, and pattern of breathing. Self-reported mood and arousal did not differ across the breathing techniques. Altogether, we demonstrate that neural activity is modulated by the phases of breathing and can also be volitionally influenced by varying the rate, depth, and pattern of breathing.
神经活动是由自发和意志控制的呼吸调节的
最近的研究已经提供了关于呼吸-脑耦合的证据,但我们对连续变化的呼吸动力学如何调节神经活动的理解仍然不完整。我们检查了神经状态在自主呼吸和意志控制呼吸之间,以及在呼吸、吸气和呼气的各个阶段是否有所不同。使用带呼吸带的脑磁图(MEG)记录自发呼吸、深呼吸和方呼吸时的皮层振荡活动(n = 33)。此外,情绪和觉醒的自我报告测量被用于评估呼吸技术期间心理状态的变化。Alpha功率在吸气时被抑制,在呼气时增加(p <; .01),表明在整个呼吸周期中神经状态的动态波动。这种效应在自发和意志控制的深呼吸中都观察到了感觉运动区。与自发和意志控制的方式呼吸相比,深呼吸时阿尔法能量增加(p <; .01),在延伸到额叶和颞叶的皮质网络中。与自然呼吸相比,我们还观察到方形呼吸时左侧额上回的非周期斜率更陡,功率谱更宽,这表明不仅振荡活动,而且正在进行的神经活动的更一般的频谱特征也受到呼吸的频率、深度和模式的调节。自我报告的情绪和觉醒在不同的呼吸技术中没有差异。总之,我们证明了神经活动是由呼吸阶段调节的,也可以通过改变呼吸的速率、深度和模式而受到有意识的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biological Psychology
Biological Psychology 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
11.50%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Biological Psychology publishes original scientific papers on the biological aspects of psychological states and processes. Biological aspects include electrophysiology and biochemical assessments during psychological experiments as well as biologically induced changes in psychological function. Psychological investigations based on biological theories are also of interest. All aspects of psychological functioning, including psychopathology, are germane. The Journal concentrates on work with human subjects, but may consider work with animal subjects if conceptually related to issues in human biological psychology.
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