Dual SOT Switching Modes in a Single Device Geometry for Neuromorphic Computing

IF 9.6 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nano Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01100

Abhijeet Ranjan, Tamkeen Farooq, Chong-Chi Chi, Hsin-Ya Sung, Rudis Ismael Salinas Padilla, Po-Hung Lin, Wen-Wei Wu, Ming-Yen Lu, Rahul Mishra, Chih-Huang Lai

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Abstract

Neuromorphic computing aims to replicate the brain’s efficient processing through artificial neurons and synapses, requiring binary and multilevel switching. We present a PtMn/(Co/Pd)₄/Ta device that uniquely enables dual spin–orbit torque (SOT) switching modes─binary and multilevel (analog)─within the same geometry and stack structure, eliminating the need for device modifications. Binary SOT switching is achieved via domain wall nucleation and propagation at moderate current levels (∼65 mA), while multilevel switching occurs via domain nucleation mode without significant propagation after a high-current treatment (∼85 mA). The transition between two modes originates from structural changes after the current treatment. These modes allow for neuronal and synaptic functionalities, with the device achieving 96% accuracy in digit/letter recognition on the MNIST data set using an artificial neural network (ANN). The device’s robust perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), dual-mode switching under a small in-plane field (H_X), and simplified fabrication underscore its promise as an energy-efficient solution for neuromorphic computing.

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神经形态计算中单器件几何中的双SOT切换模式

神经形态计算旨在通过人工神经元和突触复制大脑的高效处理，需要二进制和多级转换。我们提出了一种PtMn/(Co/Pd)4/Ta器件，该器件独特地在相同的几何形状和堆叠结构中实现双自旋-轨道扭矩（SOT）开关模式─二进制和多电平（模拟）─，从而消除了对器件修改的需要。二进制SOT开关在中等电流水平（~ 65 mA）下通过畴壁成核和传播实现，而多电平开关在大电流处理（~ 85 mA）后通过畴成核模式发生，没有显著的传播。两种模式之间的转换源于当前处理后的结构变化。这些模式允许神经元和突触功能，该设备使用人工神经网络（ANN）在MNIST数据集上实现96%的数字/字母识别准确率。该器件具有强大的垂直磁各向异性（PMA）、小面内场（HX）下的双模开关和简化的制造工艺，突显了其作为神经形态计算节能解决方案的前景。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nano Letters 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

16.80

自引率

2.80%

发文量

1182

审稿时长

1.4 months

期刊介绍： Nano Letters serves as a dynamic platform for promptly disseminating original results in fundamental, applied, and emerging research across all facets of nanoscience and nanotechnology. A pivotal criterion for inclusion within Nano Letters is the convergence of at least two different areas or disciplines, ensuring a rich interdisciplinary scope. The journal is dedicated to fostering exploration in diverse areas, including: - Experimental and theoretical findings on physical, chemical, and biological phenomena at the nanoscale - Synthesis, characterization, and processing of organic, inorganic, polymer, and hybrid nanomaterials through physical, chemical, and biological methodologies - Modeling and simulation of synthetic, assembly, and interaction processes - Realization of integrated nanostructures and nano-engineered devices exhibiting advanced performance - Applications of nanoscale materials in living and environmental systems Nano Letters is committed to advancing and showcasing groundbreaking research that intersects various domains, fostering innovation and collaboration in the ever-evolving field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.