Psychiatric comorbidity in children and adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 13.7 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical Psychology Review Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI:10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102571

Urdur Njardvik , Gro Janne Wergeland , Eili N. Riise , Dagmar Kr. Hannesdottir , Lars-Göran Öst

{"title":"Psychiatric comorbidity in children and adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Urdur Njardvik , Gro Janne Wergeland , Eili N. Riise , Dagmar Kr. Hannesdottir , Lars-Göran Öst","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102571","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with estimated worldwide prevalence of 7.2 % in children and adolescents. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders is considered common in ADHD and has been found to contribute to poorer prognosis. Despite decades of research, the actual prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with ADHD is unclear. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the prevalence of comorbid disorders in children and adolescents with ADHD. Embase OVID, Ovid MEDLINE and PsycINFO were systematically searched for eligible studies published up to February 2025. In total 121 studies involving 39,894 children and adolescents with ADHD diagnosis were included. The most common comorbid disorders were Oppositional Defiant Disorder (34.7 %), Behavior Disorders (30.7 %), Anxiety Disorders (18.4 %), Specific phobias (11.0 %), Enuresis (10.8 %), and Conduct Disorder (CD) (10.7 %). All individual disorders studied had a higher prevalence among children and adolescents with ADHD than in the general population. Few gender differences were found; higher prevalence of CD among boys and higher of OCD in girls. The findings indicate that comorbid psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent in children and adolescents with ADHD and must be considered in both assessment and treatment of ADHD.</div><div>PROSPERO registration: ID CRD42022359965.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 102571"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical Psychology Review","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272735825000376","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with estimated worldwide prevalence of 7.2 % in children and adolescents. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders is considered common in ADHD and has been found to contribute to poorer prognosis. Despite decades of research, the actual prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with ADHD is unclear. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the prevalence of comorbid disorders in children and adolescents with ADHD. Embase OVID, Ovid MEDLINE and PsycINFO were systematically searched for eligible studies published up to February 2025. In total 121 studies involving 39,894 children and adolescents with ADHD diagnosis were included. The most common comorbid disorders were Oppositional Defiant Disorder (34.7 %), Behavior Disorders (30.7 %), Anxiety Disorders (18.4 %), Specific phobias (11.0 %), Enuresis (10.8 %), and Conduct Disorder (CD) (10.7 %). All individual disorders studied had a higher prevalence among children and adolescents with ADHD than in the general population. Few gender differences were found; higher prevalence of CD among boys and higher of OCD in girls. The findings indicate that comorbid psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent in children and adolescents with ADHD and must be considered in both assessment and treatment of ADHD.

PROSPERO registration: ID CRD42022359965.

查看原文本刊更多论文

儿童和青少年ADHD的精神共病：系统回顾和荟萃分析

注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种神经发育障碍，估计全球儿童和青少年患病率为7.2%。精神疾病的共病被认为在ADHD中很常见，并且已经发现导致较差的预后。尽管经过了几十年的研究，儿童和青少年ADHD患者中共病性精神障碍的实际患病率尚不清楚。本系统综述和荟萃分析的目的是调查ADHD儿童和青少年共病障碍的患病率。Embase OVID、OVID MEDLINE和PsycINFO系统检索了截至2025年2月发表的符合条件的研究。共纳入121项研究，涉及39,894名诊断为ADHD的儿童和青少年。最常见的共病是对立违抗性障碍（34.7%）、行为障碍（30.7%）、焦虑障碍（18.4%）、特异性恐惧症（11.0%）、遗尿症（10.8%）和品行障碍（10.7%）。所研究的所有个体障碍在患有ADHD的儿童和青少年中的患病率都高于一般人群。几乎没有发现性别差异；男孩的CD患病率较高，女孩的OCD患病率较高。研究结果表明，共病性精神疾病在患有ADHD的儿童和青少年中非常普遍，在ADHD的评估和治疗中都必须考虑到这一点。普洛斯彼罗注册：ID CRD42022359965。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Clinical Psychology Review PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

23.10

自引率

1.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： Clinical Psychology Review serves as a platform for substantial reviews addressing pertinent topics in clinical psychology. Encompassing a spectrum of issues, from psychopathology to behavior therapy, cognition to cognitive therapies, behavioral medicine to community mental health, assessment, and child development, the journal seeks cutting-edge papers that significantly contribute to advancing the science and/or practice of clinical psychology. While maintaining a primary focus on topics directly related to clinical psychology, the journal occasionally features reviews on psychophysiology, learning therapy, experimental psychopathology, and social psychology, provided they demonstrate a clear connection to research or practice in clinical psychology. Integrative literature reviews and summaries of innovative ongoing clinical research programs find a place within its pages. However, reports on individual research studies and theoretical treatises or clinical guides lacking an empirical base are deemed inappropriate for publication.