Influence of bloom stage on the effectiveness of algicidal bacteria in controlling harmful cyanobacteria: A microcosm study

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126261

Jesús Morón-López , Arnoldo Font-Nájera , Mikolaj Kokociński , Paweł Jarosiewicz , Tomasz Jurczak , Joanna Mankiewicz-Boczek

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Abstract

Cyanobacterial harmful algae blooms (cyanoHABs) pose significant ecological and public health concerns in freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Understanding the dynamics of phytoplankton communities and the efficacy of mitigation strategies is crucial for managing bloom events. This study investigates the impact of bioaugmentation with algicidal bacteria on Microcystis-dominated blooms through laboratory microcosm experiments. Field-collected samples from MID- and POST-summer bloom stages were treated with Morganella morganii, Exiguobacterium acetylicum, and a bacterial consortium including Bacillus pumilus. Phytoplankton composition, microcystin concentrations and genes related to microbial community dynamics (16S, mcyA, nosZ and amoA) were assessed by microscopy, HPLC and qPCR, respectively. Results showed that M. morganii significantly altered the phytoplankton community structure and promoted diatom proliferation in MID-summer microcosms, though treatments were less effective in POST-summer microcosms representing more mature bloom periods. Additionally, algicidal bacteria influenced microcystin levels, with M. morganii and E. acetylicum reducing toxigenic Microcystis genotypes, as indicated by lower mcyA gene copy numbers. Molecular analyses also revealed that algicidal bacterial treatments contributed to shifts in microbial functional genes, including increased denitrification activity linked to nosZ gene abundance. These findings highlight the intricate interplay between algicidal bacteria and microbial communities, where algicidal activity extends beyond direct cyanobacteria suppression to broader ecosystem-level effects. By rebalancing phytoplankton communities toward eukaryotic dominance and reducing toxigenic cyanobacterial genotypes during intense bloom episodes, bioaugmentation with algicidal bacteria emerges as a promising strategy for bloom management and ecosystem restoration.

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开花阶段对杀藻菌控制有害蓝藻效果影响的微观研究

蓝藻有害藻华（cyanoHABs）在全球淡水生态系统中引起了重大的生态和公共卫生问题。了解浮游植物群落的动态和减缓策略的有效性对于管理水华事件至关重要。本研究通过实验室微观实验，探讨了杀藻菌生物强化对微囊藻繁殖的影响。田间采集的夏中和夏后花期样品分别用摩根氏摩根杆菌、乙酰出口杆菌和包括短小芽孢杆菌在内的细菌联合菌进行处理。利用显微镜、高效液相色谱和qPCR技术分别检测浮游植物组成、微囊藻毒素浓度和微生物群落动态相关基因（16S、mcyA、nosZ和amoA）。结果表明，莫氏分枝杆菌显著改变了盛夏期浮游植物群落结构，促进了硅藻的增殖，但在盛夏期较成熟的后盛夏期处理效果较差。此外，灭藻细菌影响微囊藻毒素水平，莫氏分枝杆菌和乙酰化芽胞杆菌降低了产毒微囊藻的基因型，这表明微囊藻毒素基因拷贝数较低。分子分析还显示，杀藻细菌处理有助于微生物功能基因的变化，包括与nosZ基因丰度相关的反硝化活性增加。这些发现突出了杀藻细菌和微生物群落之间错综复杂的相互作用，其中杀藻活动超出了直接的蓝藻抑制到更广泛的生态系统水平的影响。通过重新平衡浮游植物群落，使其向真核生物优势方向发展，并在强烈的水华期间减少产毒蓝藻的基因型，用杀藻细菌进行生物强化是一种很有前途的水华管理和生态系统恢复策略。

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.