Síndrome antifosfolípido

Abstract

Antiphospholipid syndrome is the main cause of acquired thrombophilia. It is characterized by the presence of venous/arterial thrombosis and obstetric morbidity, although other clinical and/or analytical manifestations not included in the conventional criteria may also be present. Antiphospholipid antibodies are involved in its development, which promotes a prothrombotic state in patients. Recently, new classification criteria have been incorporated (2023) that aim to help in the early and better identification of this disease. The mainstay of managing this condition when clinical manifestations develop is anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (in many cases in maintenance). In select refractory cases, the use of other drugs such as corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, statin, or even rituximab may be necessary. In cases of antiphospholipid antibody carriers without thrombotic episodes and/or obstetric morbidity, primary thromboprophylaxis with acetylsalicylic acid can be considered on an individual basis based on the antiphospholipid antibody profile, cardiovascular risk, and/or the presence of associated systemic autoimmune diseases.