Association between air quality and neurodegenerative diseases in River Sacco Valley: A retrospective cohort study in Latium, central Italy

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114578

Alessandro Trentalange, Chiara Badaloni, Daniela Porta, Paola Michelozzi, Matteo Renzi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Research on the relationship between air pollution and neurodegenerative diseases is growing. However, few studies focus on this association in contaminated sites.

We investigated the association between long-term air pollution exposure and dementia/Parkinson's disease (PD) incidence in the River Sacco Valley, a contaminated site in central Italy.

Through a retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 298,919 40+ years-old residents in 95 municipalities across the study area from 2007 to 2018. Residential exposure to benzene (C₆H₆), NO₂, O₃, PM₁₀, PM_2.5 and SO₂ was estimated through FARM dispersion models with 1–4 km² resolution. Risks were computed for interquartile range (IQR) increases of each pollutant. Incidence of dementia and PD was determined combining electronic health records. We used Cox proportional hazard regression with age as time axis and sex, socio-economic position (SEP) and municipality of residence as covariates.

Study population was formed by 53 % females, 65 % 40–64 years old, 32 % medium-low SEP. Among 40+ years-old individuals, increased risks (HR; 95 % CIs) of dementia resulted from IQR increases of C₆H₆ (1.15; 1.11–1.18), NO₂ (1.17; 1.14–1.21), PM₁₀ (1.08; 1.04–1.11) and PM_2.5 (1.10; 1.07–1.13). Increased risks of PD resulted from IQR increases of O₃ (1.17; 1.14–1.21) and PM_2.5 (1.02; 1.00–1.05). Vascular dementia's risk increases resulted from IQR increases of NO₂ and PM_2.5.

Results for dementia and PD varied based on the pollutant analyzed. Our results concord with previous literature and the biological mechanisms that link air pollution to neurodegeneration. Air pollution might be a risk factor for dementia and PD.

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萨科河流域空气质量与神经退行性疾病之间的关系：意大利中部拉齐奥的一项回顾性队列研究

关于空气污染与神经退行性疾病之间关系的研究越来越多。然而，很少有研究关注污染场地的这种关联。我们调查了意大利中部萨科河谷污染地区长期空气污染暴露与痴呆/帕金森病（PD）发病率之间的关系。通过一项回顾性队列研究，我们从2007年到2018年在研究区域的95个城市招募了298,919名40岁以上的居民。通过分辨率为1-4 km2的FARM分散模型估算了居民对苯（C6H6）、NO2、O3、PM10、PM2.5和SO2的暴露。计算了每种污染物的四分位数范围（IQR）增加的风险。结合电子健康记录确定痴呆和PD的发病率。我们采用Cox比例风险回归，以年龄为时间轴，以性别、社会经济地位（SEP）和居住地为协变量。研究人群中53%为女性，65%为40 - 64岁，32%为中低SEP。在40岁以上人群中，风险增加(HR；95% ci)痴呆是由IQR C6H6升高引起的(1.15；1.11-1.18), no2 (1.17；1.14-1.21), pm10 (1.08；1.04-1.11)和PM2.5 (1.10；1.07 - -1.13)。IQR增加O3导致PD风险增加(1.17；1.14-1.21)和PM2.5 (1.02；1.00 - -1.05)。NO2和PM2.5浓度升高导致血管性痴呆风险增加。痴呆和帕金森病的结果因所分析的污染物而异。我们的结果与先前的文献和将空气污染与神经变性联系起来的生物学机制一致。空气污染可能是痴呆症和帕金森病的危险因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of hygiene and environmental health 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

5.00%

发文量

151

审稿时长

22 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.