Optical Coherence Tomography Velocimetry for In-Line Processing: Velocity Profiles and the Intermittency of Opaque Complex Fluids In Situ

IF 4.3 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

ACS Engineering Au Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI:10.1021/acsengineeringau.4c0004310.1021/acsengineeringau.4c00043

Owen Watts Moore, Thomas Andrew Waigh*, Ali Arafeh, Philip Martin, Cesar Mendoza and Adam Kowalski,

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Abstract

We demonstrate optical coherence tomography (OCT) velocimetry with in-line processing of complex fluids for the first time. The OCT measurements were performed on a perspex section of a test rig containing ∼40 L of complex fluids, analogous to real-world manufacturing conditions. Opaque solutions of lamellar surfactant gel networks (LGNs) and powdered milk were explored. Velocity profiles characteristic of power law fluids were found in the LGNs, in good agreement with independent measurements of the flow rate and off-line determination of viscosity. The velocity fluctuations of 3.4 pL volumes of the fluids in the test rig were also explored. LGNs demonstrated smooth, steady flows, whereas the powdered milk demonstrated marked instability, both showing intermittent behavior and Kolmogorov scaling for fully developed classical turbulence of Newtonian fluids (P(ω) ∼ ω^–5/3, where P(ω) is the power spectral density of the velocity fluctuations, and ω is the frequency). The effects of dynamic changes in formulation on velocimetry measurements could be observed with LGNs during the addition of salt and with the milk powder due to biofouling.

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在线处理的光学相干层析测速：原位不透明复杂流体的速度剖面和间歇性

我们首次展示了光学相干层析成像（OCT）速度测量与复杂流体的在线处理。OCT测量是在含有~ 40 L复杂流体的试验台的有机玻璃部分进行的，类似于现实世界的制造条件。研究了层状表面活性剂凝胶网络（LGNs）与奶粉的不透明溶液。在lgn中发现幂律流体的速度分布特征，与流量的独立测量和粘度的离线测定相吻合。并对试验台中3.4 pL体积流体的流速波动进行了探讨。lgn表现出平滑、稳定的流动，而奶粉表现出明显的不稳定性，两者都表现出间歇性行为和完全发展的经典牛顿流体湍流的Kolmogorov标度(P（ω) ~ ω - 5/3，其中P（ω）是速度波动的功率谱密度，ω是频率）。配方的动态变化对速度测量的影响可以在添加盐和由于生物污染的奶粉中观察到。

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ACS Engineering Au 化学工程技术-

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期刊介绍：）ACS Engineering Au is an open access journal that reports significant advances in chemical engineering applied chemistry and energy covering fundamentals processes and products. The journal's broad scope includes experimental theoretical mathematical computational chemical and physical research from academic and industrial settings. Short letters comprehensive articles reviews and perspectives are welcome on topics that include:Fundamental research in such areas as thermodynamics transport phenomena (flow mixing mass & heat transfer) chemical reaction kinetics and engineering catalysis separations interfacial phenomena and materialsProcess design development and intensification (e.g. process technologies for chemicals and materials synthesis and design methods process intensification multiphase reactors scale-up systems analysis process control data correlation schemes modeling machine learning Artificial Intelligence)Product research and development involving chemical and engineering aspects (e.g. catalysts plastics elastomers fibers adhesives coatings paper membranes lubricants ceramics aerosols fluidic devices intensified process equipment)Energy and fuels (e.g. pre-treatment processing and utilization of renewable energy resources; processing and utilization of fuels; properties and structure or molecular composition of both raw fuels and refined products; fuel cells hydrogen batteries; photochemical fuel and energy production; decarbonization; electrification; microwave; cavitation)Measurement techniques computational models and data on thermo-physical thermodynamic and transport properties of materials and phase equilibrium behaviorNew methods models and tools (e.g. real-time data analytics multi-scale models physics informed machine learning models machine learning enhanced physics-based models soft sensors high-performance computing)