Downward Migration of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Lake Sediments: Reconsideration of Temporal Trend Analysis

IF 12.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138290

Yunze Gao, Chao Yang, Ganyu Feng, Bo-Xuan Zhang, Zi-Yao Xu, Ying Wang, Akmaral Tleubergenova, Yuan Zhang, Xiang-Zhou Meng

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Abstract

Using sediment cores to reconstruct the contamination history of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is essential for chemical management but poses challenge. Herein, sediment cores, as well as surface water and sediments were taken from two Chinese lakes to investigate the vertical distribution and migration of PFAS. Wind wave, properties of sediment and water, and chemical characters of PFAS were examined to clarify the main factors influencing PFAS migration. Total PFAS concentrations in sediment cores ranged from 0.12 to 5.28 ng g^-1 dry weight (dw) in Dianchi Lake and from 0.19 to 2.51 ng g^-1 dw in Taihu Lake, respectively. Strong hydrodynamic disturbance (wind-wave erosion depth up to 30 cm) in Taihu Lake resulted in consistent PFAS levels and profiles throughout the sediment core, limiting its use for retrospective analysis. In Dianchi Lake, an increasing trend of total organic carbon-normalized PFAS indicated their persistent emission in China over the past decades. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid increased markedly from early 2000s; temporal trend in composition for perfluorocarboxylates coincided with the global production transition. Finally, we proposed a three-step conceptual framework, including lake selection, key time point assessment, and contamination history reconstruction, to further improve the reliability of PFAS retrospective analysis in lake.

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湖泊沉积物中全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的向下迁移：对时间趋势分析的重新考虑

利用沉积物岩心重建全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的污染历史对化学品管理至关重要，但也存在挑战。本文利用中国两个湖泊的沉积物岩心、地表水和沉积物对PFAS的垂直分布和迁移进行了研究。研究了风浪、水沙性质和PFAS的化学特性，阐明了影响PFAS迁移的主要因素。滇池沉积物岩心总PFAS含量为0.12 ~ 5.28 ng g-1干重（dw），太湖沉积物岩心总PFAS含量为0.19 ~ 2.51 ng g-1 dw。太湖强烈的水动力扰动（风浪侵蚀深度达30 cm）导致整个沉积物岩心的PFAS水平和剖面一致，限制了PFAS在回顾性分析中的应用。滇池总有机碳标准化PFAS呈增加趋势，表明其在中国的持续排放。从2000年代初开始，全氟辛烷磺酸显著增加；全氟化羧酸盐成分的时间趋势与全球生产转型相吻合。最后，为了进一步提高湖泊PFAS回顾性分析的可靠性，我们提出了湖泊选择、关键时间点评估和污染历史重建三步走的概念框架。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Hazardous Materials 工程技术-工程：环境

CiteScore

25.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

3059

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Hazardous Materials serves as a global platform for promoting cutting-edge research in the field of Environmental Science and Engineering. Our publication features a wide range of articles, including full-length research papers, review articles, and perspectives, with the aim of enhancing our understanding of the dangers and risks associated with various materials concerning public health and the environment. It is important to note that the term "environmental contaminants" refers specifically to substances that pose hazardous effects through contamination, while excluding those that do not have such impacts on the environment or human health. Moreover, we emphasize the distinction between wastes and hazardous materials in order to provide further clarity on the scope of the journal. We have a keen interest in exploring specific compounds and microbial agents that have adverse effects on the environment.