A Quantitative Classification of the Geography of Non-Native Flora in the United States

IF 6.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Global Ecology and Biogeography Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI:10.1111/geb.70041

Bethany A. Bradley, Annette E. Evans, Helen R. Sofaer, Montserrat Vilà, David T. Barnett, Evelyn M. Beaury, Dana M. Blumenthal, Jeffrey D. Corbin, Jeffrey S. Dukes, Regan Early, Inés Ibáñez, Ian S. Pearse, Laís Petri, Cascade J. B. Sorte

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Non-native plants have the potential to harm ecosystems. Harm is classically related to their distribution and abundance, but this geographical information is often unknown. Here, we assess geographical commonness as a potential indicator of invasive status for non-native flora in the United States. Geographical commonness could inform invasion risk assessments across species and ecoregions.

Location

Conterminous United States.

Time Period

Through 2022.

Major Taxa Studied

Plants.

Methods

We compiled and standardised occurrence and abundance data from 14 spatial datasets and used this information to categorise non-native species as uncommon or common based on three dimensions of commonness: area of occupancy, habitat breadth and local abundance. To assess consistency in existing categorizations, we compared commonness to invasive status in the United States. We identified species with higher-than-expected abundance relative to their occupancy, habitat breadth or residence time. We calculated non-native plant richness within United States ecoregions and estimated unreported species based on rarefaction/extrapolation curves.

Results

This comprehensive database identified 1874 non-native plant species recorded in 4,844,963 locations. Of these, 1221 species were locally abundant (> 10% cover) in 797,759 unique locations. One thousand one hundred one non-native species (59%) achieved at least one dimension of commonness, including 565 species that achieved all three. Species with longer residence times tended to meet more dimensions of commonness. We identified 132 species with higher-than-expected abundance. Ecoregions in the central United States have the largest estimated numbers of unreported, abundant non-native plants.

Main Conclusions

A high proportion of non-native species have become common in the United States. However, existing categorizations of invasive species are not always consistent with species' abundance and distribution, even after considering residence time. Considering geographical commonness and higher-than-expected abundance revealed in this new dataset could support more consistent and proactive identification of invasive plants and lead to more efficient management practices.

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美国非本地植物区系地理的数量分类

目的：外来植物对生态系统有潜在的危害。危害通常与它们的分布和数量有关，但这种地理信息往往是未知的。在这里，我们评估了地理共性作为美国非本地植物群入侵状态的潜在指标。地理共性可以为跨物种和生态区的入侵风险评估提供信息。地理位置：毗邻美国。时间周期至2022年。研究植物的主要分类群。方法对14个空间数据集的发生度和丰度数据进行整理和标准化，并根据占用面积、生境宽度和本地丰度三个维度对非本地物种进行罕见和常见的分类。为了评估现有分类的一致性，我们比较了美国的普遍性和侵袭性状态。我们发现，相对于它们的占用率、栖息地宽度和停留时间，物种的丰度高于预期。我们计算了美国生态区域内的非本地植物丰富度，并基于稀疏/外推曲线估计了未报告的物种。结果该数据库在4844963个地点共鉴定出1874种外来植物。其中1221种在797,759个独特的地点具有本地丰富的物种（覆盖率为10%）。1001个非本地物种（59%）至少达到了一个维度的共性，其中565个物种全部达到了三个维度。停留时间较长的物种倾向于满足更多的共性维度。我们发现132种物种的丰度高于预期。美国中部的生态区域估计有最多数量的未报告的、丰富的非本地植物。主要结论：在美国，非本地物种的比例很高。然而，即使考虑了停留时间，现有的入侵物种分类也并不总是与物种的丰度和分布相一致。考虑到新数据集所揭示的地理共性和高于预期的丰度，可以支持更一致和更主动地识别入侵植物，并导致更有效的管理实践。

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来源期刊

Global Ecology and Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

3.10%

发文量

170

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Global Ecology and Biogeography (GEB) welcomes papers that investigate broad-scale (in space, time and/or taxonomy), general patterns in the organization of ecological systems and assemblages, and the processes that underlie them. In particular, GEB welcomes studies that use macroecological methods, comparative analyses, meta-analyses, reviews, spatial analyses and modelling to arrive at general, conceptual conclusions. Studies in GEB need not be global in spatial extent, but the conclusions and implications of the study must be relevant to ecologists and biogeographers globally, rather than being limited to local areas, or specific taxa. Similarly, GEB is not limited to spatial studies; we are equally interested in the general patterns of nature through time, among taxa (e.g., body sizes, dispersal abilities), through the course of evolution, etc. Further, GEB welcomes papers that investigate general impacts of human activities on ecological systems in accordance with the above criteria.