Crafting prospective composites: revealing the influence of synthesis route and silica source on PANI/silica-coated magnetite characteristics and bioactivity

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI:10.1007/s10971-025-06707-7

Damar Nurwahyu Bima, Ayu Sri Wahyuni, Adi Darmawan, Purbowatiningrum Ria Sarjono

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Abstract

The synthesis route and matrix material source play a crucial role in determining the characteristics and bioactivity of a composite. This study focuses on synthesizing a PANI/Silica-Coated Magnetite composite with variations in synthesis methods and silica sources. The in situ method involves polymerizing polyaniline within a silica gel containing magnetite, while the ex situ method incorporates pre-formed polyaniline into a silica gel through a sol-gel condensation reaction. Two silica sources, Na₂SiO₃ and Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS), were utilized. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful polymerization of PANI, as evidenced by an absorption peak at 1110 cm⁻¹, indicating the vibration of C-N bonds attached to aromatic amines. Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) analysis demonstrated that the PANI composite containing magnetite exhibited magnetic properties, unlike pure PANI. Additionally, TGA characterization revealed that the composite possessed enhanced thermal stability compared to pure PANI. Bioactivity tests against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans showed that, overall, composites synthesized using the in situ method exhibited superior bioactivity compared to those synthesized via the ex situ method. Among them, the In Situ PANI/TEOS-Magnetite (IPTM) composite showed the most effective antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Graphical Abstract

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制备未来复合材料：揭示合成路线和二氧化硅来源对聚苯胺/二氧化硅包覆磁铁矿特性和生物活性的影响

合成路线和基质材料来源在决定复合材料的特性和生物活性方面起着至关重要的作用。本研究的重点是通过不同的合成方法和二氧化硅来源合成 PANI/二氧化硅包覆磁铁矿复合材料。原位法是在含有磁铁矿的硅凝胶中聚合聚苯胺，而非原位法则是通过溶胶-凝胶缩合反应将预先成型的聚苯胺加入硅凝胶中。使用了两种硅源，即 Na2SiO3 和正硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）。傅立叶变换红外光谱分析证实了 PANI 的成功聚合，1110 cm-1 处的吸收峰表明了芳香胺上 C-N 键的振动。振动样品磁力计（VSM）分析表明，与纯 PANI 不同，含有磁铁矿的 PANI 复合材料具有磁性。此外，热重分析表明，与纯 PANI 相比，该复合材料具有更高的热稳定性。针对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白僵菌的生物活性测试表明，总体而言，与通过原位法合成的复合材料相比，原位法合成的复合材料具有更高的生物活性。其中，原位 PANI/TEOS-Magnetite (IPTM) 复合材料显示出最有效的抗菌和抗真菌活性。

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来源期刊

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

4.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： The primary objective of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (JSST), the official journal of the International Sol-Gel Society, is to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific, technological, and general knowledge about materials processed by chemical nanotechnologies known as the "sol-gel" process. The materials of interest include gels, gel-derived glasses, ceramics in form of nano- and micro-powders, bulk, fibres, thin films and coatings as well as more recent materials such as hybrid organic-inorganic materials and composites. Such materials exhibit a wide range of optical, electronic, magnetic, chemical, environmental, and biomedical properties and functionalities. Methods for producing sol-gel-derived materials and the industrial uses of these materials are also of great interest.