A novel g-C3N4 based CeO2 loaded ternary CeO2/CoFe2O4@g-C3N4 hetero-junction catalyst for the efficient removal of enrofloxacin from the veterinary wastewater
Qasim Raza, Shahid Iqbal, Firdous Bibi, Eman Aldosari, Ambreen Kalsoom, Muhammad Jamshaid, Rashid Iqbal, Sooman Lim
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Abstract
The recent research study investigates the synergistic effects of CeO2/CoFe2O4@g-C3N4 ternary heterojunction composite catalyst on the photocatalytic elimination of enrofloxacin (ENF) under visible-light illumination. The P-XRD and the FTIR techniques confirmed the successful fabrication of CoFe2O4 with spinel geometry and CeO2/CoFe2O4 synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and their composite with g-C3N4 via ultrasonication. The structural, morphological, and optical attributes of as-fabricated CoFe2O4, CeO2/CoFe2O4, and CeO2/CoFe2O4@g-C3N4 photo-catalysts were characterized using BET, SEM, PL, and UV–Vis, techniques. These studies revealed that by composite formation, the surface and optical properties of CeO2/CoFe2O4@g-C3N4 were increased compared with their counterparts. The photocatalytic performance of CeO2/CoFe2O4@g-C3N4 composite was evaluated by its capability towards the photoremoval of ENF. The 98.25% photo-removal performance towards the elimination of ENF was demonstrated by CeO2/CoFe2O4@g-C3N4 composite catalyst in only 60 min, as compared to their other counterparts, i.e., CeO2 loaded CoFe2O4 (73.63%), and CoFe2O4 (57.30%) under similar reaction conditions. This superior photo-removal performance was accredited to the interfacial interactions between the two heterojunction catalysts (CeO2/CoFe2O4 and g-C3N4), which facilitate the faster mobility of photogenerated charge pairs with excellent stability. This study can ensure new insights for preparing visible light-activated hybrid catalysts for the treatment of antibiotics in contaminated hospital wastewater.
期刊介绍：
The primary objective of the Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (JSST), the official journal of the International Sol-Gel Society, is to provide an international forum for the dissemination of scientific, technological, and general knowledge about materials processed by chemical nanotechnologies known as the "sol-gel" process. The materials of interest include gels, gel-derived glasses, ceramics in form of nano- and micro-powders, bulk, fibres, thin films and coatings as well as more recent materials such as hybrid organic-inorganic materials and composites. Such materials exhibit a wide range of optical, electronic, magnetic, chemical, environmental, and biomedical properties and functionalities. Methods for producing sol-gel-derived materials and the industrial uses of these materials are also of great interest.
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