Detonation product analysis and the paradoxical performance mechanism of TKX-50: High detonation velocity with low metal acceleration

IF 5 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Defence Technology(防务技术) Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.dt.2024.11.010

Kaiyuan Tan , Yaqi Zhao , Qin Liu , Lixiao Hao , Yushi Wen , Chunliang Ji , Sha Yang , Haoxu Wang , Luchuan Jia , Jiahui Liu , Zhuoping Duan , Yong Han , Fenglei Huang

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Abstract

This study investigates the paradoxical detonation behavior of TKX-50, a nitrogen-rich energetic material, exhibiting higher detonation velocities but lower metal acceleration ability compared to HMX. Through experimental measurements and theoretical calculations, we propose a novel three-factor competition mechanism to explain this phenomenon. TKX-50-based PBX formulations achieved detonation velocities up to 9100 m/s, surpassing HMX-based counterparts. However, cylinder expansion tests revealed a 15% reduction in metal acceleration ability. Thermochemical measurements showed lower detonation heat for TKX-50 (4900 J/g) versus HMX (5645 J/g). Our mechanism involves: (1) compositional effects prevailing at high pressures; (2) Energy release becoming essential as pressure drops; (3) Pressure-dependent product composition evolution functioning at low pressure. VLW code calculations unveiled a "crossover" in Hugoniot curves, lending support to this mechanism. This study furnishes a new framework for comprehending the performance of nitrogen-rich energetic materials, with significant implications for the design and optimization of future high-energy density materials.

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TKX-50爆轰产物分析及高爆速低金属加速度的矛盾性能机理

TKX-50是一种富氮高能材料，与HMX相比，其引爆速度更高，但金属加速能力更低，本研究对TKX-50的矛盾引爆行为进行了研究。通过实验测量和理论计算，我们提出了一种新的三因素竞争机制来解释这种现象。以 TKX-50 为基础的 PBX 配方的爆速高达 9100 米/秒，超过了以 HMX 为基础的同类配方。然而，气缸膨胀试验表明，金属加速能力降低了 15%。热化学测量显示，TKX-50（4900 焦耳/克）的引爆热量低于 HMX（5645 焦耳/克）。我们的机理包括：(1) 高压下的成分效应；(2) 随着压力下降，能量释放变得至关重要；(3) 低压下与压力相关的产品成分演变。VLW 代码计算揭示了胡戈尼奥曲线的 "交叉"，为这一机制提供了支持。这项研究为理解富氮高能材料的性能提供了一个新的框架，对未来高能量密度材料的设计和优化具有重要意义。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Defence Technology(防务技术) Mechanical Engineering, Control and Systems Engineering, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

728

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Defence Technology, a peer reviewed journal, is published monthly and aims to become the best international academic exchange platform for the research related to defence technology. It publishes original research papers having direct bearing on defence, with a balanced coverage on analytical, experimental, numerical simulation and applied investigations. It covers various disciplines of science, technology and engineering.