Immobilizing and Patterning DNA on Simplified Protein-Free DNA-Based Lateral Flow Assays

Abstract

This work presents a comprehensive study on DNA-based LFAs that completely avoids the use of proteins or pretreatment buffer. We address key fundamental challenges including optimizing buffer conditions for effective DNA immobilization on paper, understanding sequence-dependent detection, and ultimately developing patterning techniques that allow DNA patterns to appear on paper that exhibit distinct shapes depending on the introduced input sequences.