Colorectal cancer risk factors: A multi-center, case-control study in Egypt

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI:10.1016/j.cegh.2025.102017

Essam A. El-Moselhy , Mohamed M. Abdel-Halim , Alshaimaa M.M. Eid Eid , Ahmed M. Ghazy , Neamat A. Abdelmageed , Amir A. Eldamaty , Sherif A. Sherif , Asmaa A. Attia , Fatma M. Kotb , Abdelhamid A. Abdelhafez , Mohamad M. Abdelnaser , Mohamed H. El Sisi , Ahmed M. Abdelnaby , Moshira A. Ibrahim , Osama O. Khalil , Mohmed Tag El-Din , Esam M. Osman , Abd-Elnaser S. Mohammed , Alyaa H. Abo-Rahma , Ahmed E. Abdrabo , Karima M-S Kholief

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most diagnosed cancers worldwide. This study aimed to define characteristics and risk factors (RFs) of CRC in Egypt.

Methods

A multi-center, hospital-based, case-control study was conducted. Two-hundred CRC patients and an equal number of controls were recruited. An interviewing, clinical examinations, investigations, medical and surgical data, and patients records were used to collect data. The study used logistic regression test for statistical analysis of data.

Results

Most of the CRC patients age was 40-≥60year. The commonest CRC symptoms were rectal bleeding (56.0 %) and abdominal pain/cramp (39.5 %). Significant medical and family history (FH)-RFs were precancerous colonic lesions, first-degree FH of CRC, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irregular-use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cholecystectomy, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (MLE-ORs = 8.57, 8.25, 7.07, 4.97, 3.74, 2.71; respectively). Significant dietary-RFs were high red- and processed-meats intake, low fibers intake, high salty-/spicy-foods intake, and high animal-fat intake (MLE-ORs = 4.97, 3.98, 3.04, 2.73; respectively). Significant personal lifestyle-RFs were coffee-use, physical inactivity (PiA), and alcohol- and/or beer-use (MLE-ORs = 6.95, 5.69, 4.92; respectively). Significant healthcare-RFs were non-compliance with medical follow-up and noncovered healthcare costs (MLE-OR = 3.72 and 3.7, respectively). Significant sociodemographic-RF was male-sex (MLE-OR = 2.86).

Conclusions

The most important RFs of CRC were precancerous colonic lesions, FH of CRC, IBD, coffee-use, PiA, and high red-meat intake. RFs of CRC are mostly preventable; targeted prevention strategies focusing on modifiable risk factors and screening can reduce CRC burden in Egypt. Following healthful lifestyle regarding diet, PiA, and compliance with follow-up are priorities.

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结直肠癌危险因素：埃及的一项多中心病例对照研究

背景直肠癌（CRC）是全球确诊率最高的癌症之一。本研究旨在确定埃及 CRC 的特征和风险因素 (RF)。研究招募了 200 名 CRC 患者和相同数量的对照组。研究采用访谈、临床检查、检验、内外科数据和病历的方式收集数据。研究采用逻辑回归检验对数据进行统计分析。最常见的 CRC 症状是直肠出血（56.0%）和腹痛/绞痛（39.5%）。重要的病史和家族史（FH）-RFs 是结肠癌前病变、一级家族史中的 CRC、炎症性肠病（IBD）、非甾体类抗炎药（NSAIDs）的不规则使用、胆囊切除术和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）（MLE-ORs = 8.57、8.25、7.07、4.97、3.74、2.71；分别）。显著的膳食-RFs 是红肉和加工肉类摄入量高、纤维摄入量低、咸味/辣味食品摄入量高和动物脂肪摄入量高（MLE-ORs = 4.97、3.98、3.04、2.73；分别）。重要的个人生活方式-RFs 是咖啡的使用、缺乏运动（PiA）以及酒精和/或啤酒的使用（MLE-ORs 分别为 6.95、5.69、4.92）。显著的医疗保健-RF 是不遵守医疗随访和未支付医疗费用（MLE-OR 分别为 3.72 和 3.7）。结论：CRC 最重要的 RFs 是癌前结肠病变、CRC 的 FH、IBD、咖啡使用、PiA 和大量红肉摄入。大多数 CRC 的 RFs 都是可以预防的；以可改变的风险因素和筛查为重点的有针对性的预防策略可以减轻埃及的 CRC 负担。在饮食、PiA 方面遵循健康的生活方式以及遵守随访规定是优先事项。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

7.70%

发文量

218

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health (CEGH) is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published four times (March, June, September, December) a year. The mandate of CEGH is to promote articles on clinical epidemiology with focus on developing countries in the context of global health. We also accept articles from other countries. It publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to clinical epidemiology and global health. The journal publishes Original articles, Review articles, Evidence Summaries, Letters to the Editor. All articles published in CEGH are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation.