Study of nonlinear optical properties of Bi2Te3-Graphene longitudinal heterostructures and their application to fibre lasers

IF 3.8 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Optical Materials Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI:10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117035

Yuebo Liu , He Zhang , Yingtian Xu , Yunping Lan , Yao Ding , Hailin Pei

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) materials present numerous advantages as saturable absorbers in passive mode-locked lasers, including rapid response times, high saturation intensities, and excellent controllability. However, individual 2D materials often fall short of meeting the performance requirements for optical applications. To address this limitation, improved heterostructures combining different 2D materials are essential to mitigate the shortcomings of single materials and enhance overall performance. In this study, we investigated a van der Waals heterostructure saturable absorber (SA) composed of graphene (GR) and bismuth telluride (Bi₂Te₃), integrated with an organic thin film, through both simulation and experimental methods. The Bi₂Te₃-GR vertical heterostructure (BG-VHS) SA achieves fundamental mode locking (FML) with a pulse duration of 390 fs and harmonic mode locking (HML) with a repetition frequency of 1.406 GHz in an erbium-doped fibre (EDF) ring cavity. We measured the optical absorption intensity and modulation depth of the VHS SA and compared these results with those of the saturable absorbers composed solely of Bi₂Te₃ or GR. Our findings were further analyzed and interpreted through simulations focusing on carrier mobility and band gap variations. The composite structure exhibited favorable properties such as saturable absorption, indicating its strong potential for applications in saturable absorbers and mode-locked pulsed lasers.

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bi2te3 -石墨烯纵向异质结构非线性光学特性研究及其在光纤激光器中的应用

二维（2D）材料作为被动模式锁定激光器中的可饱和吸收体具有众多优势，包括快速响应时间、高饱和强度和出色的可控性。然而，单个二维材料往往无法满足光学应用的性能要求。为了解决这一局限性，必须改进异质结构，将不同的二维材料结合起来，以减轻单一材料的缺点，提高整体性能。在本研究中，我们通过模拟和实验方法研究了一种由石墨烯（GR）和碲化铋（Bi2Te3）组成的范德华异质结构可饱和吸收体（SA），并将其与有机薄膜集成在一起。Bi2Te3-GR 垂直异质结构（BG-VHS）SA 在掺铒光纤（EDF）环形腔中实现了脉冲持续时间为 390 fs 的基模锁定（FML）和重复频率为 1.406 GHz 的谐模锁定（HML）。我们测量了 VHS SA 的光吸收强度和调制深度，并将这些结果与仅由 Bi2Te3 或 GR 组成的可饱和吸收体进行了比较。我们还通过模拟载流子迁移率和带隙变化对研究结果进行了进一步分析和解释。复合结构表现出了良好的特性，如可饱和吸收，这表明它在可饱和吸收器和锁模脉冲激光器中具有很强的应用潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Optical Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

12.80%

发文量

1265

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Optical Materials has an open access mirror journal Optical Materials: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. The purpose of Optical Materials is to provide a means of communication and technology transfer between researchers who are interested in materials for potential device applications. The journal publishes original papers and review articles on the design, synthesis, characterisation and applications of optical materials. OPTICAL MATERIALS focuses on: • Optical Properties of Material Systems; • The Materials Aspects of Optical Phenomena; • The Materials Aspects of Devices and Applications. Authors can submit separate research elements describing their data to Data in Brief and methods to Methods X.