Exploring catalytic applications of graphene-transition metal oxide nanocomposites for next-generation catalysis: A review

Abstract

The exceptional features of graphene, excellent electron mobility, and high surface area establish it as one of the most studied catalysts in different reactions and chemical processes. Hybrids of graphene have been developed with similar morphological materials to investigate other exciting properties and explore the enhanced catalytic behavior of graphene. Among such materials, layered transition metal oxides (TMOs) have been researched to be the most appropriate material, assisting graphene in boosting its catalytic capabilities. The judiciously insertion of these TMOs into graphene to produce hybrids can be done using numerous preparation methods. Appropriate synthesis prevents the stacking of graphene and enables the formation of 3D porous networks, thus improving functionality and performance. These hybrid materials are viable substitutes that diminish the disadvantages of employing just TMO nanoparticles in various catalytic applications, including photocatalysts, carbocatalysts, electrocatalysts, etc., thus achieving sustainable development. This review focuses on the current development of graphene-TMO nanocomposites, with a detailed account of their synthesis and their properties as catalysts. This review highlights the advantages of graphene as a support material for transition metal oxides, such as improved catalysis, conductivity, and stability. Furthermore, we explore various synthesis methods for these graphene-based metal oxide nanocomposites, which offer control over the size, morphology, and distribution of the metal oxide nanoparticles on the graphene surface.