Vertical dynamics of soil organic carbon sequestration under contrasting groundwater table levels after 35-year straw return

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106580

Shuai Liu , Yue Dong , Milton Halder , Samuel Adingo , Lichu Yin , Hu. Zhou , Yan Ma , Xinhua Peng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Various groundwater table levels in paddy soil aggravate the complexity of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration under redox conditions. We investigated a long-term experimental field consisting of two groundwater tables (SWT, shallow groundwater table; DWT, deep groundwater table) and three straw application rates (NPK, without straw return; LOM, low rate of straw return; HOM, high rate of straw return). Soil samples from 0–10, 10–20 and 20–40 cm soil layers were collected and analyzed. Results revealed that SOC fraction contents significantly decreased with increasing soil depth, while SOC stability showed an opposite trend (P < 0.05). In the 0–20 cm soil layer, straw return increased SOC fraction concentrations, resulting in higher C stocks. In the 20–40 cm soil layer, a significant decrease in SOC was explained by remarkable MOC reduction with straw addition under SWT (P < 0.05), whereas no significant changes were observed under DWT. Relative to NPK, straw application notably increased the proportions of O-alkyl C and Carbonyl C under SWT and DWT in topsoil layer, respectively (P < 0.05). In the deep soil layer, straw addition increased Aromatic C but decreased O-alkyl C proportions under SWT, resulting in higher aromaticity and hydrophobicity (P < 0.05), while contrasting changing patterns were observed under DWT when compared to NPK. Hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that soil properties and SOC dynamics were primarily determined by straw return under SWT, while mainly driven by soil depth under DWT. This study highlights the importance of understanding the dynamics of SOC throughout the whole profile to groundwater table management. A preferable straw return strategy is proposed for different groundwater management based on the trade-off between economic and environmental benefits. A lower straw return amount was suggested under SWT from an economic perspective, whereas a higher straw return amount was recommended under DWT treatment for the higher increase of SOC.

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35年秸秆还田后地下水位对比下土壤有机碳垂直动态

在氧化还原条件下，水稻田土壤中不同的地下水位加剧了土壤有机碳（SOC）固存的复杂性。我们对一块长期试验田进行了调查，该试验田包括两个地下水位（SWT，浅地下水位；DWT，深地下水位）和三种秸秆施用率（NPK，无秸秆还田；LOM，低秸秆还田率；HOM，高秸秆还田率）。采集并分析了 0-10 厘米、10-20 厘米和 20-40 厘米土层的土壤样本。结果表明，随着土层深度的增加，SOC 含量明显降低，而 SOC 的稳定性则呈现相反的趋势（P < 0.05）。在 0-20 厘米土层中，秸秆还田增加了 SOC 部分的浓度，导致 C 储量增加。在 20-40 厘米土层中，SOC 显著减少的原因是，在 SWT 条件下，秸秆添加后 MOC 显著减少（P <0.05），而在 DWT 条件下未观察到显著变化。相对于氮磷钾（NPK），在 SWT 和 DWT 条件下，秸秆的施用分别显著增加了表土层中 O-烷基 C 和 Carbonyl C 的比例（P < 0.05）。在深层土层中，秸秆添加增加了芳香族碳，但在 SWT 条件下降低了 O-烷基碳的比例，从而提高了芳香性和疏水性（P <0.05），而与 NPK 相比，在 DWT 条件下观察到了截然不同的变化模式。层次聚类分析表明，在 SWT 条件下，土壤特性和 SOC 动态主要由秸秆还田决定，而在 DWT 条件下，主要由土壤深度驱动。这项研究强调了了解整个剖面的 SOC 动态对地下水位管理的重要性。根据经济效益和环境效益之间的权衡，针对不同的地下水管理提出了优选的秸秆还田策略。从经济角度出发，建议在 SWT 条件下采用较低的秸秆还田量，而在 DWT 条件下，则建议采用较高的秸秆还田量，以增加 SOC。

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.