Synergistic effects of hydrofluoric acid on the purification of maize-derived graphite powder

IF 3.8 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Vacuum Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI:10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114325

V.S.S. Venkatesh , Amdadul Mahmun , Pandu Ranga Vundavilli , M.M. Mahapatra

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study emphasizes a cost-effective method to synthesize high-purity graphite from maize plants (MP) through pyrolysis at 900 °C, followed by hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment to remove impurities. Characterization using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirms successful synthesis of GrHf14 (1:4 MP to HF ratio), with XRD showing a 91.86 % graphitization degree and a superior crystal structure. FTIR identifies oxygen-related functional groups in MPCP, which are absent in GrHf14, resulting in lower impurities. Raman spectroscopy reveals higher defect spacing in GrHf14 compared to MPCP, GrHf13, and GrHf15. SEM and conductivity tests confirm uniform particle size and enhanced electrical conductivity in GrHf14, emphasizing HF's role in improving purity and structural quality, making GrHf14 comparable to pure graphite.

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来源期刊

Vacuum 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

17.50%

发文量

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： Vacuum is an international rapid publications journal with a focus on short communication. All papers are peer-reviewed, with the review process for short communication geared towards very fast turnaround times. The journal also published full research papers, thematic issues and selected papers from leading conferences. A report in Vacuum should represent a major advance in an area that involves a controlled environment at pressures of one atmosphere or below. The scope of the journal includes: 1. Vacuum; original developments in vacuum pumping and instrumentation, vacuum measurement, vacuum gas dynamics, gas-surface interactions, surface treatment for UHV applications and low outgassing, vacuum melting, sintering, and vacuum metrology. Technology and solutions for large-scale facilities (e.g., particle accelerators and fusion devices). New instrumentation ( e.g., detectors and electron microscopes). 2. Plasma science; advances in PVD, CVD, plasma-assisted CVD, ion sources, deposition processes and analysis. 3. Surface science; surface engineering, surface chemistry, surface analysis, crystal growth, ion-surface interactions and etching, nanometer-scale processing, surface modification. 4. Materials science; novel functional or structural materials. Metals, ceramics, and polymers. Experiments, simulations, and modelling for understanding structure-property relationships. Thin films and coatings. Nanostructures and ion implantation.