First autochthonous transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) lineage 2 to humans in Spain

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

One Health Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI:10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101036

Maria Lara , Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguer , Irene Pedrosa-Corral , Cristina Gómez-Camarasa , Nicola Lorusso , Jose M. Navarro-Marí , Joaquin Dopazo , Javier Perez-Florido , Sara Sanbonmatsu-Gámez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

West Nile Virus (WNV) lineage 2, primarily endemic to parts of Africa and Europe, has recently emerged as a public health concern in new geographic regions. In 2024, the first autochthonous human case of neuroinvasive disease caused by WNV lineage 2 was identified in Andalusia, Southern Spain. Molecular testing and whole-genome sequencing confirmed WNV lineage 2 as the causative agent. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship with strains circulating in Central Europe, distinct from previous WNV lineage 2 detections in Spain. Concurrently, WNV lineage 2 RNA was detected in an imperial eagle near the case location, suggesting local viral circulation. This case marks a significant shift in WNV epidemiology in Spain, where lineage 1 has historically been dominant. The findings underscore the expanding range of WNV lineage 2 and the necessity for enhanced vector surveillance, genomic monitoring, and strengthened One Health strategies to mitigate future outbreaks and protect public health.

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西尼罗河病毒（WNV）2系主要流行于非洲和欧洲部分地区，最近在新的地理区域成为公共卫生问题。2024 年，在西班牙南部的安达卢西亚发现了首例由西尼罗河病毒 2 型引起的神经侵袭性疾病的本地人类病例。分子检测和全基因组测序证实了 WNV 2 型是病原体。系统发育分析表明，该病毒与中欧流行的毒株关系密切，不同于之前在西班牙检测到的 WNV 2 系。同时，在病例发生地附近的一只雄鹰体内检测到了 WNV 2 代 RNA，表明病毒在当地流行。该病例标志着西班牙的 WNV 流行病学发生了重大变化，因为在西班牙，1 系病毒一直占主导地位。研究结果突出表明，WNV 2 型的传播范围正在不断扩大，因此有必要加强病媒监测、基因组监测和 "一体健康 "战略，以减轻未来的疫情爆发并保护公众健康。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

One Health Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

18 weeks

期刊介绍： One Health - a Gold Open Access journal. The mission of One Health is to provide a platform for rapid communication of high quality scientific knowledge on inter- and intra-species pathogen transmission, bringing together leading experts in virology, bacteriology, parasitology, mycology, vectors and vector-borne diseases, tropical health, veterinary sciences, pathology, immunology, food safety, mathematical modelling, epidemiology, public health research and emergency preparedness. As a Gold Open Access journal, a fee is payable on acceptance of the paper. Please see the Guide for Authors for more information. Submissions to the following categories are welcome: Virology, Bacteriology, Parasitology, Mycology, Vectors and vector-borne diseases, Co-infections and co-morbidities, Disease spatial surveillance, Modelling, Tropical Health, Discovery, Ecosystem Health, Public Health.