A fractional-operator approach for unraveling rabies disease dynamics in animal population

Abstract

Rabies remains a significant public health threat. It necessitates robust mathematical frameworks to understand its transmission dynamics and control strategies. In this work. we develop a novel fractional order mathematical model for rabies disease considering Atangana–Baleanu fractional operator to better capture the memory and hereditary properties of the disease spread. The existence and uniqueness of solutions are established by applying rigorous analytical techniques, ensuring the model’s well-posedness. Additionally, a numerical scheme developed by Toufik and Atangana has been applied to solve the fractional order system efficiently. Numerical simulations illustrates the impact of fractional dynamics on disease propagation providing deeper insights into rabies control mechanisms. The results highlights the advantage of fractional modeling in capturing complex epidemiological behaviors compared to classical integral order models. The findings contribute to the ongoing efforts in developing more accurate predictive measures for the Rabies control and prevention.