The epidemiology and clinical manifestations of anaplasmosis in humans: A systematic review of case reports

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102765

Jaime David Acosta-España , Andrés Herrera-Yela , Jenny Belén Altamirano-Jara , D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana , Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales

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Abstract

Anaplasmosis, caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, is an emerging tick-borne disease affecting humans and animals with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. This systematic review and analysis aimed to synthesise the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes of anaplasmosis, emphasising enhanced surveillance and management strategies. The systematic review encompassed 73 cases from various geographic regions, revealing fever as the predominant symptom, alongside myalgia, headache, chills, and arthralgia. Molecular testing, particularly PCR, emerged as the primary diagnostic tool, aiding in identifying Anaplasma species. Co-infections are uncommonly described in the cases analysed, showing borreliosis and viral infections, underscoring the complexity of disease presentation. Doxycycline monotherapy demonstrated high efficacy, with a low mortality rate, while alternative antimicrobial options and combination therapy were considered in specific scenarios. This study contributes to understanding anaplasmosis's global burden and highlights the importance of continued research and collaborative efforts to mitigate its impact on public health.

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人类无形体病的流行病学和临床表现：病例报告的系统回顾

无形体病是由嗜吞噬细胞无形体菌引起的一种新发蜱传疾病，影响人类和动物，具有广泛的临床表现。本系统综述和分析旨在综合无形体病的流行病学、临床特征、诊断方法和治疗结果，强调加强监测和管理策略。系统回顾包括来自不同地理区域的73例病例，显示发热为主要症状，同时伴有肌痛、头痛、寒战和关节痛。分子检测，特别是聚合酶链反应，成为主要的诊断工具，帮助鉴定无原体的种类。在分析的病例中，罕见地描述了合并感染，表现为螺旋体病和病毒感染，强调了疾病表现的复杂性。强力霉素单药治疗疗效高，死亡率低，而在特定情况下考虑了替代抗菌素选择和联合治疗。这项研究有助于了解无形体病的全球负担，并强调了继续研究和合作努力以减轻其对公共卫生影响的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.50%

发文量

203

审稿时长

96 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.