Post-mortem investigation of magnesia-chromium brick corrosion by speiss in a copper smelting furnace

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.091

X. Wen , M. Shevchenko , D. Gregurek , J. Schmidl , L. Konrad , R. Walton , E. Jak

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Abstract

Worn magnesium-chromium type refractory bricks and copper-arsenic metal/speiss/matte deposits recovered from the Rio Tinto Kennecott Copper Flash Smelter were analyzed to evaluate the mechanism of refractory penetration and wear by the high-arsenic copper matte/speiss at elevated temperatures. Microstructural characterization was performed using optical and scanning-electron microscopies, and the compositions of the samples and their constituent phases were measured using micro-X-ray fluorescence, energy dispersive X-ray, and wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopies. The observed microstructures and sample/phase compositions were interpreted based on the phase-equilibrium behavior of the complex copper-arsenic-magnesium-sulfur-oxygen slag/metal/speiss/gas system. The initial solidification and/or oxidation of the high-grade, arsenic-rich matte was found to cause the formation of the liquid copper-arsenic speiss with the low solidus temperature, which penetrated deeply into the refractory brick lining of the copper flash smelter. When the penetrating speiss was exposed to oxygen, the arsenic present was selectively oxidized and reacted with magnesio-wüstite from the refractory brick to form magnesium arsenates, degrading the refractory material by intergranular corrosion.

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铜熔炼炉中煤气对镁铬砖腐蚀的事后分析

对里约热内卢Tinto Kennecott铜闪速冶厂回收的磨损镁铬型耐火砖和铜砷金属/铜砂/铜砂进行了分析，探讨了高温下高砷铜砂/铜砂对耐火材料的渗透磨损机理。利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对样品进行了微观结构表征，并利用微x射线荧光、能量色散x射线和波长色散x射线光谱对样品的组成和组成相进行了测量。根据铜-砷-镁-硫-氧复合渣/金属/杂质/气体体系的相平衡行为解释了所观察到的显微组织和样品/相组成。发现高品位富砷亚铁的初始凝固和（或）氧化导致了低固相温度的液态铜砷气体的形成，并深入到铜闪蒸炉的耐火砖内衬中。当穿透物暴露于氧气中时，存在的砷被选择性氧化，并与耐火砖中的镁石反应生成砷酸镁，通过晶间腐蚀降解耐火材料。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.