Efficient energy management using fuzzy logic control in a gym microgrid with stationary bikes, PV generation, and battery storage systems

Abstract

This article presents the control and energy management system for a gym microgrid that integrates multiple stationary bikes and a photovoltaic (PV) generation system connected. The main objective of this work is to investigate the feasibility of powering gym loads using the DC bus through grid-tied inverters, while ensuring efficient energy management and user-specific operation. The novelty of our approach lies in the implementation of a fuzzy logic control (FLC) strategy to achieve multiple control objectives within the gym microgrid environment, alongside a refined energy management algorithm that facilitates the flow of energy between intermittent generation sources and the variable demand from users. The system comprises several subsystems: (i) stationary bikes connected to the DC bus via AC/DC converters acting as intermittent power sources; (ii) a PV generation system interfaced through a DC-DC boost converter; (iii) gym loads. The main control objectives are as follows: (a) each stationary bike control the speed applied by the athlete to extract energy; (b) the system ensures the protection of the energy storage system by monitoring its current and voltage; (c) Extract the maximum power available from the PV system; (c) all objectives are achieved while maintaining the DC bus voltage at a specified reference value. To achieve these objectives, a fuzzy logic control approach is employed, providing adaptability and robustness in managing the dynamic behavior of the system. The system’s performance is demonstrated using the MATLAB/Simulink environment, with numerous simulations confirming that all control objectives are met.