Lightweight mullite fiber-reinforced SiCnw/SiOC composites for efficient insulation and electromagnetic wave absorption

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.01.082

Xinlei Jia, Xinqiao Wang, Donghui Guo, Shun Wang, Runze Jin, Ning Zhou, Baosheng Xu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Owing to their excellent thermal insulation properties and chemical stabilities, ceramic aerogels are widely employed in thermal protection structure; however, their potential as electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers remains underdeveloped. Aerogels that provide both high-temperature thermal insulation and EMW absorption are difficult to obtain. Herein, a new mullite/SiC/SiOC (MCS) composite aerogel was grown in situ using a sol–gel process with a mullite nanofiber sponge as reinforcement. The pores in the fiber sponge are filled with numerous SiC nanowires and SiOC aerogel, forming a multiscale porous nanostructure. The semiconductor insulator composition and specific nanostructure endow MCS with excellent impedance-matching characteristics and strong EMW loss capability. The minimum reflection loss reaches −35.12 dB at a thickness of 2.5 mm and the effective absorption bandwidth almost covers the X-band. Meanwhile, the composite is lightweight (0.13–0.15 g cm⁻³) with a low thermal conductivity (0.03–0.036 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹), offering excellent thermal insulation performance. Overall, MCS composites are promising for applications requiring thermal insulation and EMW absorption.

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轻质莫来石纤维增强SiCnw/SiOC复合材料，高效绝缘和电磁波吸收

陶瓷气凝胶由于其优异的保温性能和化学稳定性，在热防护结构中得到了广泛的应用；然而，它们作为电磁波（EMW）吸收剂的潜力尚未开发。既能提供高温隔热又能吸收EMW的气凝胶很难获得。本文以莫来石纳米纤维海绵为增强材料，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了一种新型莫来石/SiC/SiOC （MCS）复合气凝胶。纤维海绵的孔隙被大量的SiC纳米线和SiOC气凝胶填充，形成多尺度的多孔纳米结构。半导体绝缘体的组成和特殊的纳米结构使MCS具有优异的阻抗匹配特性和较强的EMW损耗能力。在厚度为2.5 mm时，最小反射损耗达到−35.12 dB，有效吸收带宽几乎覆盖x波段。同时，该复合材料重量轻（0.13-0.15 g cm−3），导热系数低（0.03-0.036 W m−1 K−1），具有优异的保温性能。总的来说，MCS复合材料在需要隔热和EMW吸收的应用中很有前景。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.