Strategies to Improve Water Solubility of Photoinitiator for Photopolymerization-Based 3D Printing in Biomedical Applications

IF 4.4 2区化学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

ACS Applied Polymer Materials Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1021/acsapm.5c0018410.1021/acsapm.5c00184

Meihua Xu, Mengzhao Liu, FuKe Wang* and Hong Chi*,

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Abstract

3D printing has gained significant importance in biomedical applications due to its capability to create intricate, biocompatible structures with high precision. Among the various 3D printing techniques, vat photopolymerization (VPP) stands out for its rapid molding speed, smooth surface finish, and exceptional accuracy. A critical component in the VPP printing process is photoinitiators (PIs), which trigger polymerization by generating free radicals under light exposure. However, many PIs face challenges due to poor water solubility, leading to issues such as uneven printing, particularly in tissue engineering applications. This review offers a concise yet comprehensive overview of strategies to enhance the water solubility of PIs and their applications in VPP-based 3D printing. We begin by introducing different types of PIs and their initiation mechanisms, followed by a summary of recent strategies for improving their water solubility. We then explore the use of water-soluble PIs in 3D-printed biomedical materials and conclude with insights into future directions and potential advancements in the field, providing guidance for the design and optimization of water-soluble PIs.

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提高生物医学应用中基于光聚合的3D打印引发剂水溶性的策略

3D打印在生物医学应用中具有重要意义，因为它能够以高精度创建复杂的生物相容性结构。在各种3D打印技术中，还原光聚合（VPP）以其快速的成型速度，光滑的表面光洁度和卓越的精度而脱颖而出。VPP打印过程中的一个关键组成部分是光引发剂（pi），它通过在光照射下产生自由基来引发聚合。然而，由于水溶性差，许多pi面临挑战，导致诸如打印不均匀等问题，特别是在组织工程应用中。这篇综述提供了一个简明而全面的策略，以提高pi的水溶性及其在基于vpp的3D打印中的应用概述。我们首先介绍了不同类型的pi及其引发机制，然后总结了最近改善其水溶性的策略。然后，我们探讨了水溶性pi在3d打印生物医学材料中的应用，并总结了该领域的未来方向和潜在进展，为水溶性pi的设计和优化提供了指导。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Polymer Materials Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

6.00%

发文量

810

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Polymer Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of engineering, chemistry, physics, and biology relevant to applications of polymers. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates fundamental knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, polymer science and chemistry into important polymer applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses relationships among structure, processing, morphology, chemistry, properties, and function as well as work that provide insights into mechanisms critical to the performance of the polymer for applications.