The Impact of Cold Plasma and Plasma-Activated Water on Germination of Grains and Legumes for Enhanced Nutritional Value.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Sprouts are valued for their rich nutritional profile, fresh taste, and ease of production. As consumer demand for healthier foods increases, innovative methods are needed to enhance sprout quality. Cold Plasma (CP) and Plasma-Activated Water (PAW) have emerged as promising, sustainable technologies in agriculture, particularly for improving seed germination and plant growth.

Recent findings: CP and PAW influence plant hormonal activity, improve water uptake, and modify seed coats, leading to enhanced sprout quality. These technologies impact bioactive compounds such as proteins, carbohydrates, enzymes, polyphenols, Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, and antioxidants, which promote seed growth and alter the nutritional and functional properties of sprouts. PAW, with its unique chemical properties, acidifies the environment, modifies redox potential, and produces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which are essential for metabolic pathways in seed germination. Researchers are addressing challenges like discoloration, surface etching, and bioactive material degradation to optimize PAW applications in sprout production. CP and PAW offer cost-effective and eco-friendly solutions for improving sprout quality by stimulating seed germination and growth. Their effects on bioactive compounds and metabolic pathways make them valuable tools in modern agriculture. However, optimizing their application is crucial to maximizing benefits while minimizing potential drawbacks. Further research is needed to refine these technologies for commercial sprout production.