Novel and Highly Efficient Antibacterial PLA Composites Prepared with Liquidambar Orientalis Oil and Ag@g-C3N4 Nanocomposite

IF 4.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Polymers and the Environment Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1007/s10924-025-03520-9

Zehra Durmus, Roberto Köferstein, Arzu Özgen, Titus Lindenberg, A. Wouter Maijenburg, Ali Durmus

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Flexible PLA-based antibacterial composite films were prepared using a natural oil, Liquidambar orientalis, as bio-based plasticizer, and 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) decorated with Ag nanoparticles with a particle size of 10–30 nm as antibacterial agent (Ag@g-C₃N₄). This structurally designed antibacterial nanocomposite was synthesized with the preparation of g-C₃N₄ by high-temperature annealing followed by the reduction of silver salt onto g-C₃N₄. The Ag@g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite exhibited a surface area value of 18 g/m². PLA/Ag@g-C₃N₄ composite films were prepared with solution casting method by introducing 30 phr of L. orientalis oil and various amounts (1, 2 and 4 phr) of Ag@g-C₃N₄. It was found that 30 phr of L. orientalis oil successfully plasticized the PLA and reduced its glass transition temperature from 60 °C to 43 °C and its melting temperature more than 10 °C by reducing the strong interactions and hydrogen bonds between PLA chains. L. orientalis oil also acted as a dispersion agent for the Ag@g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite particles and significantly improved their antibacterial activity. Antibacterial tests performed using Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA 747) indicated that introducing a small amount of 2D Ag@g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite particles into PLA yielded superior antibacterial activity.

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用东方枫油和 Ag@g-C3N4 纳米复合材料制备的新型高效抗菌聚乳酸复合材料

以天然油Liquidambar orientalis为生物基增塑剂，以粒径为10-30 nm的Ag纳米粒子修饰的二维石墨氮化碳（g-C3N4）为抗菌剂（Ag@g-C3N4）制备了柔性pla基抗菌复合膜。采用高温退火法制备g-C3N4，再将银盐还原到g-C3N4上，合成了具有结构设计的抗菌纳米复合材料。Ag@g-C3N4纳米复合材料的表面积值为18 g/m2。采用溶液浇铸法制备PLA/Ag@g-C3N4复合膜，分别加入30 phr的东方花油和1、2、4 phr的Ag@g-C3N4。结果表明，30 phr的L. orientalis oil通过降低PLA链间的强相互作用和氢键，使PLA的玻璃化转变温度从60℃降至43℃，熔融温度降至10℃以上。东方花油还可以作为Ag@g-C3N4纳米复合颗粒的分散剂，显著提高其抗菌活性。用革兰氏阳性菌（金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 25923）和革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌ATCC 25922和鲍曼不动杆菌ATCC BAA 747）进行的抗菌试验表明，将少量2D Ag@g-C3N4纳米复合颗粒引入PLA具有较好的抗菌活性。

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来源期刊

Journal of Polymers and the Environment 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

7.50%

发文量

297

审稿时长

9 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Polymers and the Environment fills the need for an international forum in this diverse and rapidly expanding field. The journal serves a crucial role for the publication of information from a wide range of disciplines and is a central outlet for the publication of high-quality peer-reviewed original papers, review articles and short communications. The journal is intentionally interdisciplinary in regard to contributions and covers the following subjects - polymers, environmentally degradable polymers, and degradation pathways: biological, photochemical, oxidative and hydrolytic; new environmental materials: derived by chemical and biosynthetic routes; environmental blends and composites; developments in processing and reactive processing of environmental polymers; characterization of environmental materials: mechanical, physical, thermal, rheological, morphological, and others; recyclable polymers and plastics recycling environmental testing: in-laboratory simulations, outdoor exposures, and standardization of methodologies; environmental fate: end products and intermediates of biodegradation; microbiology and enzymology of polymer biodegradation; solid-waste management and public legislation specific to environmental polymers; and other related topics.