Impact of Mediterranean Diet Adherence in Early Pregnancy on Nausea, Vomiting, and Constipation.

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Maternal and Child Health Journal Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-07 DOI:10.1007/s10995-025-04078-7

Isabel Barroso-Ruiz, Naomi Cano-Ibáñez, Rebeca Benito-Villena, Sandra Martín-Peláez, Carmen Amezcua-Prieto

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Common maternal digestive symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation during pregnancy, can impair pregnant women's quality of life. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), characterized by a high consumption of olive oil, vegetables, fruits, legumes, and grains; moderate fish and dairy intake; and low meat consumption, could alleviate these symptoms. This study aims to study the prevalence of maternal digestive symptoms in the different pregnancy trimesters and to examine the association between baseline MedDiet adherence and the prevalence of maternal digestive symptoms during pregnancy.

Methods: A secondary analysis of the Walking Preg_Project trial was conducted in a cohort of adult Spanish pregnant women (N = 237) who provided data about MedDiet adherence and maternal digestive symptoms (nausea, vomiting, constipation) at baseline (12th ), 19^th, and 32nd Gestational Week (GW). MedDiet adherence was appraised through a 13-item questionnaire and categorized into low, medium, and high adherence. Digestive symptoms were assessed by the Pregnancy Symptoms Inventory. The association between baseline MedDiet adherence and maternal digestive symptoms was evaluated through adjusted multinomial analysis.

Results: Differences among MedDiet adherence categories were considerable during pregnancy. Some of the greatest decreases were observed in high adherence to MedDiet in comparison with low MedDiet adherence at 32nd GW vs. 19th GW for the prevalence of nausea (10.0% vs. 18.8%, p < 0.001) and vomiting (5.0% vs. 8.7%, p < 0.001). Constipation remained during pregnancy. There was no significant association between the baseline MedDiet adherence and maternal gastrointestinal symptoms.

Conclusion for practice: Baseline adherence to the MedDiet was not proven to influence nausea, vomiting, and constipation during pregnancy. For all MedDiet adherence groups, nausea and vomiting prevalence decreased throughout pregnancy, but not constipation.

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妊娠早期坚持地中海饮食对恶心、呕吐和便秘的影响。

目的：妊娠期常见的产妇消化系统症状，如恶心、呕吐、便秘等，会影响孕妇的生活质量。地中海饮食（MedDiet），特点是大量食用橄榄油、蔬菜、水果、豆类和谷物；适量摄入鱼类和奶制品；而少吃肉，可以缓解这些症状。本研究旨在研究不同妊娠期孕妇消化系统症状的发生率，并探讨基线MedDiet依从性与妊娠期孕妇消化系统症状发生率之间的关系。方法：在一组西班牙成年孕妇（N = 237）中对Walking Preg_Project试验进行了二次分析，这些孕妇在基线（第12、19和32妊娠周）提供了MedDiet依从性和母体消化症状（恶心、呕吐、便秘）的数据。MedDiet的依从性通过13项问卷进行评估，并分为低、中、高依从性。通过妊娠症状量表评估消化症状。通过调整多项分析评估基线MedDiet依从性与母体消化症状之间的关系。结果：在怀孕期间，MedDiet依从性类别的差异相当大。在第32妊娠期和第19妊娠期，高依从性MedDiet与低依从性MedDiet相比，恶心发生率下降幅度最大（10.0%对18.8%）。p实践结论：基线依从性MedDiet未被证明影响妊娠期恶心、呕吐和便秘。对于所有坚持MedDiet的组来说，恶心和呕吐的发生率在整个怀孕期间都有所下降，但便秘却没有。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Maternal and Child Health Journal PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

271

期刊介绍： Maternal and Child Health Journal is the first exclusive forum to advance the scientific and professional knowledge base of the maternal and child health (MCH) field. This bimonthly provides peer-reviewed papers addressing the following areas of MCH practice, policy, and research: MCH epidemiology, demography, and health status assessment Innovative MCH service initiatives Implementation of MCH programs MCH policy analysis and advocacy MCH professional development. Exploring the full spectrum of the MCH field, Maternal and Child Health Journal is an important tool for practitioners as well as academics in public health, obstetrics, gynecology, prenatal medicine, pediatrics, and neonatology. Sponsors include the Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs (AMCHP), the Association of Teachers of Maternal and Child Health (ATMCH), and CityMatCH.