Comorbidities in people living with HIV/AIDS and their impact on outpatient dental care.

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
Brazilian oral research Pub Date : 2025-04-04 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2025.vol39.035
Maria Fernanda Bartholo, Jefferson Rocha Tenório, Natália Silva Andrade, Cristiane Barbosa Silveira, Karem López Ortega, Fabiana Martins, Marina Gallottini
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of comorbidities among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHIV) attending a dental outpatient clinic and discuss the impact of these comorbidities on dental management. A cross-sectional observational study evaluated 238 PLWHIV attending a specialized dental outpatient clinic in Brazil. We collected sociodemographic data, self-reported and physician-diagnosed comorbidities, hemogram results, CD4+ T cell count, viral load, use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), and information on harmful habits. The most prevalent comorbidities were sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (116/238; 48.7%), psychiatric disorders (105/238; 44.1%), and lipodystrophy (97/238; 40.8%). Men were more likely to have STIs (OR 4.0) and tuberculosis (OR: 2.5) (p < 0.05). Age ≥ 50 years increased the risk of diabetes mellitus by 2.6 times (p < 0.05). The risk of lipodystrophy (OR: 2.99, 95%CI 1.44-6.19) and psychiatric disorders (OR: 2.13, 95%CI 1.01-4.47) was greater in those who had been diagnosed with HIV for more than 20 years. In summary, psychiatric disorders and severe hematological alterations, such as anemia and neutropenia, are significant comorbidities that may limit dental treatment of HIV-positive patients. These findings underscore the need for integrated medical and dental care to address the complex health needs of PLWHIV.

艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的合并症及其对门诊牙科护理的影响
本研究的目的是估计在牙科门诊就诊的艾滋病毒/艾滋病(PLWHIV)患者中合并症的患病率,并讨论这些合并症对牙科治疗的影响。一项横断面观察性研究评估了238名在巴西一家专门牙科门诊就诊的PLWHIV。我们收集了社会人口统计数据、自我报告和医生诊断的合并症、血检结果、CD4+ T细胞计数、病毒载量、抗逆转录病毒联合治疗(cART)的使用以及有害习惯的信息。最普遍的合并症是性传播感染(sti) (116/238;48.7%),精神疾病(105/238;44.1%),脂肪营养不良(97/238;40.8%)。男性更易患性传播感染(OR 4.0)和肺结核(OR: 2.5) (p < 0.05)。年龄≥50岁的患者患糖尿病的风险增加2.6倍(p < 0.05)。在被诊断为艾滋病毒感染者超过20年的人群中,脂肪营养不良(OR: 2.99, 95%CI 1.44-6.19)和精神疾病(OR: 2.13, 95%CI 1.01-4.47)的风险更高。总之,精神疾病和严重的血液学改变,如贫血和中性粒细胞减少症,是可能限制艾滋病毒阳性患者牙科治疗的重要合并症。这些发现强调需要综合医疗和牙科保健,以解决艾滋病毒感染者复杂的健康需求。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
4.00%
发文量
107
审稿时长
12 weeks
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