Prevalence and genetic characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy cattle in northern China.

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

BMC Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI:10.1186/s12917-025-04491-8

Yangyang Xiao, Yang Liu, Tianying Chi, Wen Jiang, Tao He, Lihua Xu, Qianqian Dong, Rui Qing Chen, Zhongxiao An, Xiangxiang Sun, Jinliang Sheng, Faxing Wu

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Abstract

Background: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the major viral pathogens responsible for respiratory disease complexes in cattle and other ruminants; it has spread worldwide and poses a significant threat to the cattle industry. To understand the prevalence and genetic diversity of BVDV in northern China, this study conducted an epidemiological survey of BVDV in dairy cows across 13 provinces in northern China from June 2022 to June 2024. A total of 2,199 nasal swab samples were analyzed by RT-PCR.

Results: The results revealed an overall positive rate of 6.05% for BVDV, with values of 6.47% from June 2022 to June 2023 and 5.59% from July 2023 to June 2024. Notably, the positive rate varied by region, with the highest prevalence in Shandong (9.62%) and the lowest in Hebei (1.61%). Phylogenetic analysis of 53 positive samples revealed that all belonged to BVDV-1, with the predominant sub-genotypes being 1a (47.17%), 1 m (28.30%), and 1c (9.43%). No BVDV-2 or BVDV-3 was detected, indicating that BVDV-1a is the most prevalent strain in northern China. This study also highlighted the genetic diversity of BVDV, with nucleotide homology among the sub-genotypes ranging from 70.2 to 92.1%.

Conclusions: An epidemiological survey of BVDV conducted in 13 provinces (regions) in northern China between 2022 and 2024 revealed a positive rate of 6.05%. The prevalent genotype identified was BVDV-1, with the predominant sub-genotypes being BVDV-1a, BVDV-1 m, and BVDV-1c. The findings of this study provide new evidence for the molecular epidemiology and genetic evolution of BVDV transmission in northern China, laying a foundational basis for the development of vaccination and control strategies against BVDV.

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牛病毒性腹泻病毒在中国北方奶牛中的流行及遗传特征

背景：牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）是导致牛和其他反刍动物呼吸道疾病综合征的主要病毒病原体之一；它已在全球范围内传播，并对养牛业构成重大威胁。为了解 BVDV 在中国北方的流行情况和遗传多样性，本研究于 2022 年 6 月至 2024 年 6 月对中国北方 13 个省份的奶牛进行了 BVDV 流行病学调查。共对 2199 份鼻拭子样本进行了 RT-PCR 分析：结果显示，BVDV 的总体阳性率为 6.05%，其中 2022 年 6 月至 2023 年 6 月的阳性率为 6.47%，2023 年 7 月至 2024 年 6 月的阳性率为 5.59%。值得注意的是，阳性率因地区而异，山东最高（9.62%），河北最低（1.61%）。对53份阳性样本进行的系统发育分析表明，所有样本均属于BVDV-1，主要亚基因型为1a（47.17%）、1m（28.30%）和1c（9.43%）。没有检测到 BVDV-2 或 BVDV-3，表明 BVDV-1a 是中国北方最流行的病毒株。这项研究还突显了BVDV的遗传多样性，亚基因型之间的核苷酸同源性为70.2%至92.1%：2022年至2024年在中国北方13个省（区）开展的BVDV流行病学调查显示，阳性率为6.05%。发现的主要基因型为 BVDV-1，主要亚基因型为 BVDV-1a、BVDV-1 m 和 BVDV-1c。该研究结果为中国北方BVDV传播的分子流行病学和遗传进化提供了新证据，为制定BVDV疫苗接种和控制策略奠定了基础。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

BMC Veterinary Research VETERINARY SCIENCES-

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

3.80%

发文量

420

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Veterinary Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of veterinary science and medicine, including the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions of domestic, companion, farm and wild animals, as well as the biomedical processes that underlie their health.