Optimization of Heat Transfer on Carbon Nanotubes With Exponential Heat Generation and Nonlinear Radiation in Sakiadis and Blasius Flows Over Curved Surface

Abstract

Engineers and researchers in the field of thermal analysis are searching for novel approaches to boost their performance by enhancing the thermal characteristics of electrical equipment. Non-Newtonian fluids are used in technical and industrial settings owing to their high thermal conductivity. In connection with this, the present study investigates the fluid flow and heat transmission of a hybrid nanomaterial (carbon nanotubes and ferric oxide) over a curved surface. The originality of this study is related to examining the impact of heat generation and nonlinear thermal radiation with convective boundary conditions for Sakiadis flow (SF) and Blasius flow (BF). The system of mathematical relations in the partial differential equation form is changed to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) system using appropriate variables. The indeterminate ODEs were solved using the ODE analyzer, which is accessible in the computer software Maple. The graphs demonstrate the importance of the critical factors concerning the velocity and temperature fields. SF has a thinner boundary layer than BF, which results in a more pronounced temperature drop. The effects of altering the physical parameters on the Nusselt number were optimized through response surface methodology for BF and SF. SF is more affected by radiation effects, but BF shows increased sensitivity to wall temperature gradients, indicating distinct optimization approaches for each scenario. In every situation, the hybrid nanofluid of multiwall carbon nanotubes and ferric oxide exhibits excellent thermal performance. To validate the chosen numerical approach, a tabular description is provided to generate an excellent comparison.