Effect of COVID-19 Infection During Pregnancy on the Plasma/Extracellular Vesicles Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Profile

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI:10.1111/aji.70071

C. Heeralall, Usri H. Ibrahim, M. Jenneker, S. Singh, L. Lazarus, Irene Mackraj

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Abstract

Purpose

The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has impacted pregnant women significantly, with increased mortality and morbidity. The implications of this virus are linked to extracellular vesicles (EVs) and maternal inflammation due to the cytokine storm. Hence, this study aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in both plasma and EVs of South African pregnant women.

Methods

Plasma samples were obtained from pregnant women in the third trimester, from which EVs were extracted using the Invitrogen Total Exosome Isolation Kit. These plasma-derived EVs were characterised using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA).

Results

COVID-19 infection in pregnancy did not significantly affect the average particle size and concentration of isolated EVs. The levels of IFN gamma, IL-6, MIP-1 alpha and TNF alpha were analysed in the plasma and circulating EVs through a multiplex assay. Compared to the control group, a significant increase in IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α and MIP-1α levels were observed in both plasma and EVs content of COVID-19 pregnancies.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that COVID-19 infection impacts the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in the plasma and EVs of South African pregnant women.

Abstract Image

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孕期感染 COVID-19 对血浆/细胞外囊泡促炎细胞因子谱的影响

新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）对孕妇造成了严重影响，死亡率和发病率均有所上升。这种病毒的影响与细胞外囊泡（ev）和细胞因子风暴引起的母体炎症有关。因此，本研究旨在探讨COVID-19对南非孕妇血浆和ev中促炎细胞因子谱的影响。方法采集妊娠晚期孕妇血浆标本，采用Invitrogen Total Exosome Isolation Kit提取EVs。利用透射电子显微镜和纳米颗粒跟踪分析（NTA）对这些等离子体衍生的电动汽车进行了表征。结果妊娠期感染COVID-19对分离出ev的平均粒径和浓度无显著影响。通过多重试验分析血浆和循环ev中IFN γ、IL-6、MIP-1 α和TNF α的水平。与对照组相比，COVID-19妊娠患者血浆和EVs中IL-6、IFN-γ、TNF-α和MIP-1α水平均显著升高。结论COVID-19感染影响了南非孕妇血浆和ev中促炎细胞因子的表达。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

5.60%

发文量

314

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Reproductive Immunology is an international journal devoted to the presentation of current information in all areas relating to Reproductive Immunology. The journal is directed toward both the basic scientist and the clinician, covering the whole process of reproduction as affected by immunological processes. The journal covers a variety of subspecialty topics, including fertility immunology, pregnancy immunology, immunogenetics, mucosal immunology, immunocontraception, endometriosis, abortion, tumor immunology of the reproductive tract, autoantibodies, infectious disease of the reproductive tract, and technical news.