LO Generation for a 5G Phased Array Transceiver: A High HRR 21–27-GHz Frequency Quadrupler

IF 4.1 1区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI:10.1109/TMTT.2025.3529344

Caglar Ozdag;Arun Paidimarri;Masayuki Yoshiyama;Yuichiro Yamaguchi;Yujiro Tojo;Bodhisatwa Sadhu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A 21–27-GHz frequency quadrupler in the 0.13-

$\mu $

m SiGe BiCMOS technology with the 0-dBm output power (

$P_{\text {OUT}}$

) and 40-dBc harmonic rejection ratio (HRR) is presented. A method for load—pull-based output network design is introduced to co-optimize HRR and

$P_{\text {OUT}}$

; as a result, the design achieves flat and high HRR and

$P_{\text {OUT}}$

across 25% bandwidth and a wide input power (

$P_{\text {IN}}$

) range. This article also discusses the quadrupler’s

$P_{\text {OUT}}$

and HRR specifications in the context of its integration within a phased-array antenna module (PAAM). We designed two versions of the 64-element wideband 5G phased-array PAAM, one including and one excluding the quadrupler, to demonstrate the minimal impact of the quadrupler on the output spectrum. We also measure the spur performance in dual-polarization mode to evaluate cross-polarization spurs. The spurious emissions across

$P_{\text {OUT}}$

range of the phased array is better than −20 dBm/MHz, well below the 3GPP 5G FR2 limit of −15 dBm/MHz. The quadrupler design has the highest HRR performance reported among wideband mmWave quadruplers and thoroughly demonstrates, for the first time, the impact of the local oscillator (LO) frequency multiplier on the performance of a wideband phased-array system.

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

18.60%

发文量

486

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques focuses on that part of engineering and theory associated with microwave/millimeter-wave components, devices, circuits, and systems involving the generation, modulation, demodulation, control, transmission, and detection of microwave signals. This includes scientific, technical, and industrial, activities. Microwave theory and techniques relates to electromagnetic waves usually in the frequency region between a few MHz and a THz; other spectral regions and wave types are included within the scope of the Society whenever basic microwave theory and techniques can yield useful results. Generally, this occurs in the theory of wave propagation in structures with dimensions comparable to a wavelength, and in the related techniques for analysis and design.