Epithelial salivary gland neoplasms in pediatric patients: A comprehensive review.

Abstract

Background: Salivary gland tumors (SGTs) are a rare group of neoplasms in pediatric patients, characterized by diverse histological subtypes and distinct biological behaviors. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the demographic, clinical, and histopathological characteristics of SGTs in this population, with the goal of enhancing understanding of their presentation and implications for treatment.

Material and methods: An updated descriptive literature review was performed to identify studies reporting the clinicopathological features of epithelial SGTs in pediatric patients.

Results: SGTs in pediatric patients are slightly more prevalent in females and typically arise during the second decade of life. The parotid gland is the most commonly affected site for both benign and malignant tumors, which usually present as an asymptomatic mass. Pleomorphic adenoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma are the most frequently observed entities. Surgical intervention remains the primary treatment modality, and the overall prognosis is generally favorable.

Conclusions: This review highlights that SGTs in pediatric patients present distinct clinical features and prognostic outcomes compared to adults. Although they are rare in this age group, clinicians should remain vigilant to these neoplasms when assessing nodular masses in both major and minor salivary glands.