Do Cheaters Prosper? Effect of Externally Supplied Momentum During Resistance Training on Measures of Upper Body Muscle Hypertrophy.

Q1 Health Professions
International journal of exercise science Pub Date : 2025-03-01 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.70252/GDBL2230
Francesca Augustin, Alec Piñero, Alysson Enes, Adam E Mohan, Max Sapuppo, Max Coleman, Milo Wolf, Patroklos Androulakis Korakakis, Paul A Swinton, Jeff Nippard, Brad J Schoenfeld
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Abstract

Exercise technique, defined as the controlled execution of bodily movements to ensure an exercise effectively targets specific muscle groups while minimizing the risk of injury, is a resistance training (RT) variable frequently highlighted as critical to successful RT program outcomes, with proper technique suggested to play a role in maximizing muscle development. This study examined the effects of externally applied momentum on RT-induced muscular adaptations in the upper extremities. Thirty young adults were recruited to participate in a within-participant design, with one limb randomly allocated to perform biceps curls and triceps pushdowns using strict form (STRICT) and the other using external momentum (CHEAT). Participants completed four sets of each exercise with 8-12 repetitions until momentary muscular failure, twice a week for eight weeks. We obtained pre-post proximal and distal measures of muscle thickness for the elbow flexors and extensors, and assessed circumference changes in the upper arms. Data were analyzed in a Bayesian framework including both univariate and multivariate mixed effect models with random effects. Differences between conditions were estimated as average treatment effects, with inferences based on posterior distributions and Bayes Factors (BFs). Results showed similar between-conditions increases for all muscle thickness sites as well as circumference measures, generating consistent support for the null hypothesis (BF = 0.06 to 0.61). Volume load was markedly greater for CHEAT compared to STRICT across each week of the intervention. In conclusion, the use of external momentum during single-joint RT of the upper extremities neither helped nor hindered hypertrophy of the target muscles.

骗子会成功吗?阻力训练中外源动量对上半身肌肉肥大的影响。
运动技术,定义为控制身体运动的执行,以确保运动有效地针对特定的肌肉群,同时最大限度地减少受伤的风险,是一个阻力训练(RT)变量,经常被强调为成功的RT计划结果的关键,建议适当的技术在最大限度地发挥肌肉发展的作用。本研究考察了外用动量对rt诱导的上肢肌肉适应的影响。招募了30名年轻人参加参与者内设计,其中一条肢体随机分配使用严格形式(strict)进行二头肌卷曲和三头肌俯卧撑,另一条肢体使用外部动力(CHEAT)。参与者完成四组运动,每组重复8-12次,直到短暂的肌肉衰竭,每周两次,持续八周。我们获得了肘关节屈肌和伸肌的近端前后和远端肌肉厚度测量,并评估了上臂围度的变化。数据在贝叶斯框架中进行分析,包括单变量和随机效应的多变量混合效应模型。根据后验分布和贝叶斯因子(BFs)的推断,估计不同条件之间的差异为平均治疗效果。结果显示,所有肌肉厚度部位和围度测量的条件间增加相似,为零假设提供了一致的支持(BF = 0.06至0.61)。在每周的干预中,CHEAT组的体积负荷明显大于STRICT组。综上所述,在上肢单关节RT中使用外动量既没有帮助也没有阻碍目标肌肉的肥大。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International journal of exercise science
International journal of exercise science Health Professions-Occupational Therapy
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
47
审稿时长
26 weeks
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