Metabolomic profiling of rectal microorganisms in Tibetan sheep across cold and warm seasons.

IF 2.6 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Frontiers in Veterinary Science Pub Date : 2025-03-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fvets.2025.1513571

Qi-Tala An, Zhipeng Zhao, Yaxiong Ren, Xia Liu, Liangwei Yao, Siyuan Chen, Zhikuan Yuan, Peijian Feng, Wenhao Li, Xiaohua Du

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Abstract

The intestinal metabolites of Tibetan sheep play a vital role in the integrated regulation of the host and the microbe-gut-brain axis. The current study sought to investigate the characteristics of alterations in rectal metabolites and their functional implications during the cold and warm seasons in Tibetan sheep. A cohort of 12 ewes, approximately 1 week ± 1 month in age, exhibiting good body condition and a similar genetic background, was selected for metabolomic analysis of rectal contents collected during the warm season (August) and the cold season (December). The findings revealed significant differences in the rectal microbial metabolites of Tibetan sheep between the two seasons (P < 0.05), with a total of 476 differential metabolites identified in the positive ion mode (148 up-regulated and 328 down-regulated) and 383 differential metabolites in the negative ion mode (135 up-regulated and 248 down-regulated). These differential metabolites were mapped to 12 KEGG metabolic pathways (P < 0.05), including fatty acid biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, secondary bile acid biosynthesis, propionic acid metabolism, lysine degradation, and arginine and proline metabolism, which are linked to lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, respectively. The content of deoxycholic acid in the intestinal tract of Tibetan sheep was significantly higher during the cold season compared to the warm season (P < 0.05), while propionic acid was significantly lower (P < 0.05). These metabolites are involved in secondary bile acid biosynthesis and propanoate metabolism pathways. These results indicate significant seasonal variations in rectal microbial metabolites in Tibetan sheep. The identified metabolites may play a crucial role in regulating energy metabolism, inflammatory responses, and immune functions, thereby enhancing the adaptability of Tibetan sheep to the challenges posed by cold-season conditions.

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寒暖季藏羊直肠微生物代谢组学分析。

藏羊肠道代谢产物在宿主和微生物-肠-脑轴的综合调控中起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在探讨藏羊在寒冷和温暖季节直肠代谢物的变化特征及其功能意义。选取12只母羊，年龄约为1周±1个月，身体状况良好，遗传背景相似，在温暖季节（8月）和寒冷季节（12月）采集直肠内容物进行代谢组学分析。结果表明，藏羊直肠微生物代谢物在两个季节之间存在显著差异（P < 0.05），其中正离子模式下鉴定出476种差异代谢物（148种上调，328种下调），负离子模式下鉴定出383种差异代谢物（135种上调，248种下调）。这些差异代谢物被映射到12个KEGG代谢途径（P  0.05），包括脂肪酸生物合成、花生四烯酸代谢、次级胆汁酸生物合成、丙酸代谢、赖氨酸降解、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢，它们分别与脂质代谢、碳水化合物代谢和氨基酸代谢有关。寒季藏羊肠道去氧胆酸含量显著高于暖季（P 0.05），丙酸含量显著低于暖季（P 0.05）。这些代谢物参与次级胆汁酸生物合成和丙酸代谢途径。这些结果表明，藏羊直肠微生物代谢物存在显著的季节变化。所鉴定的代谢物可能在调节能量代谢、炎症反应和免疫功能方面发挥关键作用，从而增强藏羊对寒冷季节条件挑战的适应性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Veterinary Science Veterinary-General Veterinary

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1870

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Veterinary Science is a global, peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that bridges animal and human health, brings a comparative approach to medical and surgical challenges, and advances innovative biotechnology and therapy. Veterinary research today is interdisciplinary, collaborative, and socially relevant, transforming how we understand and investigate animal health and disease. Fundamental research in emerging infectious diseases, predictive genomics, stem cell therapy, and translational modelling is grounded within the integrative social context of public and environmental health, wildlife conservation, novel biomarkers, societal well-being, and cutting-edge clinical practice and specialization. Frontiers in Veterinary Science brings a 21st-century approach—networked, collaborative, and Open Access—to communicate this progress and innovation to both the specialist and to the wider audience of readers in the field. Frontiers in Veterinary Science publishes articles on outstanding discoveries across a wide spectrum of translational, foundational, and clinical research. The journal''s mission is to bring all relevant veterinary sciences together on a single platform with the goal of improving animal and human health.