A feasible strategy for fabricating thermally stable CaSnO3:Eu3+ one-dimensional nanostructures with excellent luminescence

Abstract

Preparation of rare-earth (RE) ion-doped CaSnO₃ one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures with superior luminescent performances by using a simple and universal synthesis method has great research significance. In the work, CaSnO₃:Eu³⁺ 1D nanostructures including nanofibers and nanobelts doped with Eu³⁺ activators as representative cases are devised and facilely prepared via a uniaxial electrospinning technique combined with an oxidative calcination process. CaSnO₃:Eu³⁺ 1D nanostructures with perovskite structure belong to orthogonal system with a space group of Pbnm. CaSnO₃:Eu³⁺ nanofibers and nanobelts exhibit emission peaks (λ_ex = 279 nm) at 582, 592, 616, and 655 nm. These peaks come from ⁵D₀→⁷F_J (J = 0, 1, 2, 3) transitions of Eu³⁺, respectively. CIE chromaticity coordinates indicate that emitting colors range from orange to red region depending on Eu³⁺ concentrations, and color purity ranges from 50.38 % to 87.42 %. CaSnO₃:13 %Eu³⁺ nanofibers show good thermal stability, and luminous intensity at 423 K is 80.43 % of that at 298 K. Morphologies of 1D nanostructures can be regulated by adjusting spinning liquid viscosity and spinning parameters, and further morphologies can modulate luminescent color of nanostructures. Meanwhile, the luminescence mechanism is elucidated and formation mechanisms of CaSnO₃:Eu³⁺ nanofibers and nanobelts are proposed. Further, a new technology for preparing CaSnO₃ nanofibers and nanobelts doped with RE is erected. This work has enriched the nanostructures of alkaline earth stannate luminescent materials, and the synthetic technique can be utilized for fabrication of other RE-doped alkaline earth stannate 1D luminescent nanomaterials with good thermal stability. The prepared material has broad applications in the realms of lighting, displaying, and sensing.