Highly sensitive colorimetric and fluorescence “Turn On” sensing of hydrazine via restriction in intramolecular vibrations of AIEE active fluorophore

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Dyes and Pigments Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI:10.1016/j.dyepig.2025.112813

Sidra Saeed , Kainat Khurshid , Mohammed A. Assiri , Alam Shabbir , Sohail Anjum Shahzad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Hydrazine (N₂H₄), a B2 toxin, harms the environment due to its extensive use in industries. Because of its lethal hypertoxicity and carcinogenicity, there is a crucial need to identify and quantify hydrazine. For this purpose, we developed a colorimetric and fluorometric probe MFB for sensitive and selective detection of hydrazine (N₂H₄). The mefenamic acid-derived benzamide MFB was easily synthesized by coupling reagent through a single step. Fluorescent probe MFB shows the extraordinary aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) characteristics with the formation of aggregates. The DLS analysis was performed to determine the aggregates particle size and interaction with probe MFB. The probe MFB exhibits a strong emission wavelength at 444 nm in aggregated state. Furthermore, the probe MFB has selectively detected the hydrazine (N₂H₄) through a blockage of semi-photoinduced electron transfer and restricted intramolecular vibrations mechanism with the lowest possible detectable amount of 47.3 nM. The interaction of MFB with hydrazine (N₂H₄) was verified by the UV–Visible and ¹H NMR titration experiments. Moreover, theoretical studies like orbitals energy calculation and type of interactions were executed to support the experimental findings. Interestingly, the probe MFB was employed in both solution and solid states for the favourable detection of hydrazine (N₂H₄) in real-time analysis including drinkable water, beverages, industrial wastewater, soil samples, mung bean sprouts and artificial urine samples.

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通过限制AIEE活性荧光团的分子内振动对肼进行高灵敏度比色和荧光“开启”感应

联氨（N2H4）是一种B2毒素，由于在工业中的广泛使用，对环境造成了危害。由于联氨具有致死性的高毒性和致癌性，因此急需对其进行鉴定和定量。为此，我们开发了一种比色和荧光探针MFB，用于灵敏和选择性地检测肼（N2H4）。用偶联剂一步合成甲苯胺酸衍生的苯甲酰胺。荧光探针MFB随着聚集体的形成表现出非凡的聚集诱导发射增强（AIEE）特性。DLS分析确定了聚集体的粒径和与探针MFB的相互作用。在聚合态下，探针MFB具有较强的发射波长（444 nm）。此外，探针MFB通过阻断半光诱导电子转移和限制分子内振动机制选择性检测肼（N2H4），最低检测量为47.3 nM。通过紫外-可见和1H NMR滴定实验验证了MFB与肼（N2H4）的相互作用。此外，还进行了轨道能量计算和相互作用类型等理论研究来支持实验结果。有趣的是，探针MFB在溶液和固体状态下都能很好地检测肼（N2H4），实时分析包括饮用水、饮料、工业废水、土壤样品、绿豆芽和人工尿液样品。

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来源期刊

Dyes and Pigments 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

8.20

自引率

13.30%

发文量

933

审稿时长

33 days

期刊介绍： Dyes and Pigments covers the scientific and technical aspects of the chemistry and physics of dyes, pigments and their intermediates. Emphasis is placed on the properties of the colouring matters themselves rather than on their applications or the system in which they may be applied. Thus the journal accepts research and review papers on the synthesis of dyes, pigments and intermediates, their physical or chemical properties, e.g. spectroscopic, surface, solution or solid state characteristics, the physical aspects of their preparation, e.g. precipitation, nucleation and growth, crystal formation, liquid crystalline characteristics, their photochemical, ecological or biological properties and the relationship between colour and chemical constitution. However, papers are considered which deal with the more fundamental aspects of colourant application and of the interactions of colourants with substrates or media. The journal will interest a wide variety of workers in a range of disciplines whose work involves dyes, pigments and their intermediates, and provides a platform for investigators with common interests but diverse fields of activity such as cosmetics, reprographics, dye and pigment synthesis, medical research, polymers, etc.