Postprandial glycemic effects of lactose-hydrolyzed milk supplemented with mulberry leaf and corn silk extracts in adults with type 2 diabetes: A randomized crossover trial

IF 2.9 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition ESPEN Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.174

You Sun , Yong Zhang , Xiaokang Niu , Yan Liu , Lingling Xu , Yifan Wang , Qi Zhang , Jingjing He , Yinghua Liu , Kaishuai Zhang , Ran Wang , Jian He , Jie Guo

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Abstract

Background & aims

Lactose-hydrolyzed milk is widely used to address lactose intolerance. However, its monosaccharide content may rapidly increase postprandial blood glucose levels and heighten glycemic variability. We aimed to explore the effects of mulberry leaf and corn silk extracts (medicinal and edible homologous materials) and their supplementation in lactose-hydrolyzed milk on postprandial glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Eligible participants in this crossover trial were randomized to four interventions, separated by a 7 d washout. Intervention foods were whole-grain bread (50 g carbohydrates) together with water, mulberry leaf and corn silk extracts (MCE), lactose-hydrolyzed milk (LHM), or lactose-hydrolyzed milk supplemented with mulberry leaf and corn silk extracts (LHM-MCE). Continuous glucose monitoring systems were used to collect fasting and postprandial interstitial glucose over 2 h after interventions and to calculate the incremental area under the curve (iAUC). Paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the difference in iAUC, 1-h postprandial glycemic (1h PG), 2h PG, maximum glycemic, and maximum glucose excursion from baseline across interventions.

Results

Twenty-eight adults with type 2 diabetes (55 ± 10 years old, fasting blood glucose: 6.93 ± 1.22 mmol/L) completed the trial. MCE was associated with lower levels of maximum glycemic (median of difference [interquartile range]: (−0.9 [−1.9, 0.4], P = 0.025) and maximum glucose excursion from baseline (−0.9 [−1.5, −0.03], P = 0.005) compared to water. LHM-MCE was associated with lower levels of 1h PG (−0.7 [−1.9, 0.4], P = 0.04), maximum glycemic (−0.9 [−2.2, 0.4], P = 0.014), and maximum glucose excursion from baseline (−1.0 [−2.3, −0.4], P = 0.003) compared to LHM.

Conclusions

Mulberry leaf and corn silk extracts may benefit postprandial glycemic control and their incorporation into lactose-hydrolyzed milk could be a promising dietary intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes.

Registration number of clinical trial

ChiCTR2400086442.

Website

https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=235132.

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition ESPEN NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

512

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is an electronic-only journal and is an official publication of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Nutrition and nutritional care have gained wide clinical and scientific interest during the past decades. The increasing knowledge of metabolic disturbances and nutritional assessment in chronic and acute diseases has stimulated rapid advances in design, development and clinical application of nutritional support. The aims of ESPEN are to encourage the rapid diffusion of knowledge and its application in the field of clinical nutrition and metabolism. Published bimonthly, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN focuses on publishing articles on the relationship between nutrition and disease in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is available to all members of ESPEN and to all subscribers of Clinical Nutrition.