Development of a capillary bundle evaporation advanced mathematical modeling for 1,2-propylene glycol–glycerin mixtures in porous media

Abstract

Porous liquid-conducting micro-heat exchangers have garnered considerable attention for their role in efficient heat dissipation in small electronic devices. This demand highlights the need for advanced mathematical models to optimize the selection of mixed heat exchange media and equipment design. A capillary bundle evaporation model for porous liquid-conducting media was developed based on the conjugate mass transfer evaporation rate prediction model of a single capillary tube, supplemented by mercury injection experimental data. Theoretical and experimental comparisons were conducted using 1,2-propanediol–glycerol (PG–VG) mixtures at molar ratios of 1:9, 3:7, 5:5, and 7:3 at 120, 150, and 180 °C. The Jouyban–Acree model was implemented to enhance the evaporation rate predictions. For the 7:3 PG–VG mixture at 180 °C under the experimental conditions of the thermal medium, the model’s error reduced from 16.75% to 10.84% post-correction. Overall, the mean relative error decreased from 11.76% to 5.98% after correction.