Social contexts of isolation, vulnerability, and resilience among minors with experiences of commercial sexual exploitation in the Netherlands

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107439

Ieke de Vries , Sarah Ebrahem , Daan Donninger , Berber van der Meer , Sjoerd van Bemmel

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Despite extensive research on vulnerabilities to commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) of minors, knowledge gaps remain in understanding the broader contextual conditions that put young people at risk for CSE. Individual risk factors alone are insufficient to capture the broader context of risk; ‘contextual vulnerability’ to CSE requires further exploration.

Objective

This study provides an empirically-driven theoretical framework that unpacks vulnerability and resilience to CSE, focusing on the socioecological context of minors, including family, friends, schools, neighborhoods, institutions, and others.

Participants and setting

Data were obtained from an online platform in the Netherlands, where young people anonymously shared experiences of CSE by engaging in conversations with online care providers. The sample included conversations from 240 minors with CSE experiences between 2019 and 2022.

Methods

A constructivist grounded theory method was used, combining inductive coding to identify patterns and themes in the data with deductive reasoning to link themes to theoretical concepts, generating new theoretical insights into the socioecological aspects of vulnerability.

Results

Three key themes emerged from the findings: (1) minors often faced social isolation within unsafe or unstable family environments, with limited external support; (2) relationships beyond the family, when unsafe or unstable, contributed to minors' social vulnerability due to withdrawal, heightened exposure to harm, and distrust in formal institutions; and (3) positive experiences and supportive relationships across socioecological levels fostered social resilience and mitigated harm.

Conclusions

A socioecological approach is needed to unpack contextual vulnerability to CSE and should guide prevention and intervention strategies.

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荷兰有商业性剥削经历的未成年人的孤立、脆弱性和复原力的社会背景

尽管对未成年人遭受商业性剥削（CSE）的脆弱性进行了广泛的研究，但在了解使年轻人面临CSE风险的更广泛背景条件方面，知识差距仍然存在。单独的个别风险因素不足以反映更广泛的风险背景；CSE的“上下文脆弱性”需要进一步探索。本研究提供了一个实证驱动的理论框架，揭示了未成年人对CSE的脆弱性和恢复力，重点关注未成年人的社会生态背景，包括家庭、朋友、学校、社区、机构等。参与者和设置数据是从荷兰的一个在线平台获得的，在这个平台上，年轻人通过与在线护理提供者进行对话，匿名分享CSE的经历。样本包括2019年至2022年期间240名有CSE经历的未成年人的对话。方法采用建构主义扎根理论方法，结合归纳编码识别数据中的模式和主题，结合演绎推理将主题与理论概念联系起来，对脆弱性的社会生态方面产生新的理论见解。结果调查结果得出了三个关键主题：(1)未成年人往往在不安全或不稳定的家庭环境中面临社会孤立，外部支持有限；(2)家庭以外的关系不安全或不稳定时，会导致未成年人的社会脆弱性，如退缩、受到伤害的风险增加和对正式机构的不信任；(3)社会生态层面的积极体验和支持关系促进了社会弹性，减轻了伤害。结论需要从社会生态学角度分析CSE的情境脆弱性，并指导CSE的预防和干预策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Child Abuse & Neglect Multiple-

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

10.40%

发文量

397

期刊介绍： Official Publication of the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect The International Journal, provides an international, multidisciplinary forum on all aspects of child abuse and neglect, with special emphasis on prevention and treatment; the scope extends further to all those aspects of life which either favor or hinder child development. While contributions will primarily be from the fields of psychology, psychiatry, social work, medicine, nursing, law enforcement, legislature, education, and anthropology, the Journal encourages the concerned lay individual and child-oriented advocate organizations to contribute.