{"title":"In situ growth, microscopic morphologies, and oxidation resistance of SiO2 and TiO2 on the surface of carbon fiber-reinforced composites","authors":"Lei Yang, Lin Lu, Xiaoyan Chen, Yingjie Qiao","doi":"10.1007/s10853-025-10733-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) as the load-bearing structural component are widely used in the military and industrial fields. However, CFRCs undergo the severe oxidation in high-temperature oxygen environments, seriously affecting their service safety. In current work, SiO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings are selected to synthesize on the CFRCs surface for improving their anti-oxidation by a liquid-phase deposition technique. The deposition technique is simple, controllable, and reproducible. The formation process, microscopic morphologies, chemical bonding, and molecular structure of SiO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> on the CFRCs surface are systematically investigated. A series of characterizations, namely X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, demonstrate that SiO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings are successfully synthesized on the surface of CFRCs, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy and elemental distribution show that CFRCs are evenly loaded with SiO<sub>2</sub> or TiO<sub>2</sub> particles on the surface. TiO<sub>2</sub> particles grow faster and the synthesized particles are finer with the particle diameter of 200 ~ 300 nm in comparison with 400 ~ 500 nm of SiO<sub>2</sub> particles, under the same synthesis conditions. In addition, an isothermal oxidation test is conducted for the CFRCs modified by SiO<sub>2</sub> or TiO<sub>2</sub> at 1273 K for 30 min. The weight loss rate of modified composites is lower than 62.12% of bare sample. Among them, the composites modified by SiO<sub>2</sub> or TiO<sub>2</sub> at 70 °C for 3 h possess the lowest weight loss rate of 34.24 and 37.32%, respectively, indicating that the modification of SiO<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> all can improve the oxidation resistance of CFRCs.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science","volume":"60 13","pages":"5782 - 5794"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Materials Science","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-025-10733-9","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) as the load-bearing structural component are widely used in the military and industrial fields. However, CFRCs undergo the severe oxidation in high-temperature oxygen environments, seriously affecting their service safety. In current work, SiO2 and TiO2 coatings are selected to synthesize on the CFRCs surface for improving their anti-oxidation by a liquid-phase deposition technique. The deposition technique is simple, controllable, and reproducible. The formation process, microscopic morphologies, chemical bonding, and molecular structure of SiO2 and TiO2 on the CFRCs surface are systematically investigated. A series of characterizations, namely X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, demonstrate that SiO2 and TiO2 coatings are successfully synthesized on the surface of CFRCs, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy and elemental distribution show that CFRCs are evenly loaded with SiO2 or TiO2 particles on the surface. TiO2 particles grow faster and the synthesized particles are finer with the particle diameter of 200 ~ 300 nm in comparison with 400 ~ 500 nm of SiO2 particles, under the same synthesis conditions. In addition, an isothermal oxidation test is conducted for the CFRCs modified by SiO2 or TiO2 at 1273 K for 30 min. The weight loss rate of modified composites is lower than 62.12% of bare sample. Among them, the composites modified by SiO2 or TiO2 at 70 °C for 3 h possess the lowest weight loss rate of 34.24 and 37.32%, respectively, indicating that the modification of SiO2 and TiO2 all can improve the oxidation resistance of CFRCs.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Materials Science publishes reviews, full-length papers, and short Communications recording original research results on, or techniques for studying the relationship between structure, properties, and uses of materials. The subjects are seen from international and interdisciplinary perspectives covering areas including metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, electrical materials, composite materials, fibers, nanostructured materials, nanocomposites, and biological and biomedical materials. The Journal of Materials Science is now firmly established as the leading source of primary communication for scientists investigating the structure and properties of all engineering materials.
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