Enhanced performance of bio-based epoxidized natural rubber nanocomposites in high-performance green tires via interface modification

IF 6.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Communications Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI:10.1016/j.coco.2025.102356

Yanguo Li , Zixuan Wang , Han Song , Ruoyu Wang , Xi Zhang , Qipeng Yuan , Weixiao Song , Xiaohui Wu , Guo-hua Hu , Liqun Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is a high-performance, bio-based material derived from the epoxidation of natural rubber (NR). In the tire industry, using ENR and NR as matrix materials is an important method to fabricate high-performance bio-based tires. However, due to the significant polarity difference between ENR and NR, the dispersion of silica within the rubber matrix leads to a distinct phase separation structure. In this study, the interface pre-modification method by silane coupling agents Bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl] disulfide (TESPD) and 3-(Methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxy-silane (KH580) has successfully solved this problem. The results showed that TESPD and KH580 successfully grafted onto the surface of silica through chemical bonding, significantly reducing the specific surface area and silanol group content of the silica. Subsequently, a series of ENR/NR/silica and solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (SSBR)/NR/silica nanocomposites were synthesized. Compared to petroleum-based SSBR, the ENR/NR/silica nanocomposites exhibited superior filler dispersion and dynamic and static mechanical properties due to the chemical bonding between the epoxy groups and silanol groups. Owing to the enhanced modification effect of the pre-modification process on the silica, the ENR/NR/KH580-modified-silica nanocomposites exhibit superior overall performance, showing an increase of 29.3 % and 53.2 % in tensile strength and anti-wet performance, respectively, compared to SSBR/NR nanocomposites. In addition, the dispersion mechanism of silica with different modification method in the ENR and NR phases was elucidated through the innovative use of AFM-nano-IR. Compared to TESPD-modified-silica, KH580-modified-silica can form a coupling bridge structure between the ENR and NR phases through the thiol groups, epoxy groups and silanol groups, which significantly modified the phase separation structure and consequently endowed the material with the best comprehensive performance.

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通过界面改性提高生物基环氧化天然橡胶纳米复合材料在高性能绿色轮胎中的性能

环氧化天然橡胶（ENR）是由天然橡胶（NR）环氧化而成的高性能生物基材料。在轮胎工业中，以ENR和NR为基体材料是制造高性能生物基轮胎的重要方法。然而，由于ENR和NR之间的显著极性差异，二氧化硅在橡胶基体中的分散导致了明显的相分离结构。本研究采用硅烷偶联剂双[3-（三乙氧基硅基）丙基]二硫化物（TESPD）和3-（甲基丙烯氧基）丙基三甲氧基硅烷（KH580）对界面进行预改性的方法，成功地解决了这一问题。结果表明，TESPD和KH580通过化学键成功接枝到二氧化硅表面，显著降低了二氧化硅的比表面积和硅醇基含量。随后，合成了一系列ENR/NR/二氧化硅和溶液聚合丁苯橡胶(SSBR)/NR/二氧化硅纳米复合材料。与石油基SSBR相比，ENR/NR/二氧化硅纳米复合材料由于环氧基和硅醇基之间的化学键合，具有更好的填料分散性和动态和静态力学性能。由于预改性工艺对二氧化硅的改性作用增强，ENR/NR/ kh580改性二氧化硅纳米复合材料的整体性能优于SSBR/NR纳米复合材料，其抗拉强度和抗湿性能分别提高了29.3%和53.2%。此外，通过afm -纳米红外的创新应用，阐明了不同改性方法下二氧化硅在ENR相和NR相中分散的机理。与tespd改性二氧化硅相比，kh580改性二氧化硅可以通过巯基、环氧基和硅醇基在ENR和NR相之间形成耦合桥接结构，显著改变了相分离结构，使材料具有最佳的综合性能。

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来源期刊

Composites Communications Materials Science-Ceramics and Composites

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

10.00%

发文量

340

审稿时长

36 days

期刊介绍： Composites Communications (Compos. Commun.) is a peer-reviewed journal publishing short communications and letters on the latest advances in composites science and technology. With a rapid review and publication process, its goal is to disseminate new knowledge promptly within the composites community. The journal welcomes manuscripts presenting creative concepts and new findings in design, state-of-the-art approaches in processing, synthesis, characterization, and mechanics modeling. In addition to traditional fiber-/particulate-reinforced engineering composites, it encourages submissions on composites with exceptional physical, mechanical, and fracture properties, as well as those with unique functions and significant application potential. This includes biomimetic and bio-inspired composites for biomedical applications, functional nano-composites for thermal management and energy applications, and composites designed for extreme service environments.