{"title":"Evolving Concepts in Etiology of Biliary Atresia: Insights and Perspectives from India.","authors":"Anil Kumar Ram, Akshit Vats, Alka Bhatia, Yashwant Kumar","doi":"10.1080/15513815.2025.2477704","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction</b>: Biliary atresia (BA) is a potentially fatal newborn cholestatic disease. It is a rapidly advancing fibro-obliterative cholangiopathy that leads to liver failure and death if not treated early. The well-known multihit hypothesis proposes that viral or chemical disruption to the biliary epithelium triggers an immune-mediated inflammatory response, resulting in fibrosis and blockage of the intra and extrahepatic biliary systems. <b>Methods:</b> In recent years, several papers have noticed an upsurge in many aspects of BA, particularly its etiopathogenesis, which has opened a vista of various probable mechanisms currently being examined. This review brings them together with an emphasis on reflecting current scientific views for those interested in this illness. <b>Conclusions:</b> Among the different etiological factors proposed for BA, viruses and immune-mediated injury are the strongest contenders as contributors to the disease onset and pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50452,"journal":{"name":"Fetal and Pediatric Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fetal and Pediatric Pathology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15513815.2025.2477704","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PATHOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Biliary atresia (BA) is a potentially fatal newborn cholestatic disease. It is a rapidly advancing fibro-obliterative cholangiopathy that leads to liver failure and death if not treated early. The well-known multihit hypothesis proposes that viral or chemical disruption to the biliary epithelium triggers an immune-mediated inflammatory response, resulting in fibrosis and blockage of the intra and extrahepatic biliary systems. Methods: In recent years, several papers have noticed an upsurge in many aspects of BA, particularly its etiopathogenesis, which has opened a vista of various probable mechanisms currently being examined. This review brings them together with an emphasis on reflecting current scientific views for those interested in this illness. Conclusions: Among the different etiological factors proposed for BA, viruses and immune-mediated injury are the strongest contenders as contributors to the disease onset and pathogenesis.
简介胆道闭锁（BA）是一种可能致命的新生儿胆汁淤积性疾病。它是一种进展迅速的纤维吸收性胆道病，如果不及早治疗，会导致肝功能衰竭和死亡。众所周知的多重假说认为，病毒或化学物质破坏胆道上皮会引发免疫介导的炎症反应，导致肝内和肝外胆道系统纤维化和阻塞。方法：近年来，有多篇论文注意到胆汁淤积症的许多方面，尤其是其病因发病机制有了很大的发展，这为目前正在研究的各种可能机制打开了视野。这篇综述汇集了这些研究成果，重点反映了当前的科学观点，供对该疾病感兴趣的人士参考。结论在所提出的 BA 不同病因中，病毒和免疫介导的损伤是导致疾病发生和发病的最主要因素。
期刊介绍：
Fetal and Pediatric Pathology is an established bimonthly international journal that publishes data on diseases of the developing embryo, newborns, children, and adolescents. The journal publishes original and review articles and reportable case reports.
The expanded scope of the journal encompasses molecular basis of genetic disorders; molecular basis of diseases that lead to implantation failures; molecular basis of abnormal placentation; placentology and molecular basis of habitual abortion; intrauterine development and molecular basis of embryonic death; pathogenisis and etiologic factors involved in sudden infant death syndrome; the underlying molecular basis, and pathogenesis of diseases that lead to morbidity and mortality in newborns; prenatal, perinatal, and pediatric diseases and molecular basis of diseases of childhood including solid tumors and tumors of the hematopoietic system; and experimental and molecular pathology.
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