Associations Between Polymorphisms of the CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3 Genes and Milk Composition Traits in Holstein Cattle.

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary Medicine and Science Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1002/vms3.70334

Ahmet Fatih Demirel, Bahattin Çak

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Caseins are the major proteins found in cow's milk. There are four known casein fractions: α_S1-casein, α_S2-casein, β-casein and κ-casein, encoded by the CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3 genes located on the sixth chromosome of cattle. These genes are considered candidate genes in marker-assisted selection. Therefore, it is essential to determine the relationship between these genes and quantitative characters.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify genotypes of CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3 genes and investigate their effect on milk components with the PCR-RFLP method in Holstein cattle.

Methods: The material of the study consisted of 519 Holstein cows that managed under intensive systems in Konya (n:189), Manisa (n:195) and Diyarbakır (n:135) provinces in Türkiye. Blood and milk samples from these cows were used in the study. The genetic structures of bovine CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3 genes were examined by PCR-RFLP in three Holstein cattle populations. A general linear model (GLM) was applied to analyse the effect of genotypic variants on phenotypic characters.

Results: Results indicated that milk solids-non-fat (SNF) (p < 0.01), protein (p < 0.05) and lactose (p < 0.01) percentages were significantly affected by the genetic variants of the CSN2 gene of cow in general population. CSN2 A2A2 genotype led to a significant increase in SNF, protein and lactose percentages by 0.14, 0.05 and 0.08 in comparison to other genotypes, respectively. Moreover, significant effect of the CSN1S1 BC (p < 0.05) and CSN3 AA (p < 0.01) genotypes on fat percentage were found in Konya province. Furthermore, a statistically significant genotype-by-environment interaction was identified in both the CSN1S1 (p < 0.05) and CSN3 (p < 0.01) genes in relation to milk fat content.

Conclusions: As a result, after increasing the number of studies that investigated the relationship between casein genes and milk traits and determined the genetic variation of CSN1S1, CSN2 and CSN3 genes of the Holstein cattle, these genes can be a strong genetic marker as marker-assisted selection programme in early selection.

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荷斯坦牛CSN1S1、CSN1S2、CSN2和CSN3基因多态性与乳成分性状的关系

背景：酪蛋白是牛奶中发现的主要蛋白质。牛第六染色体上的CSN1S1、CSN1S2、CSN2和CSN3基因分别编码α s1 -酪蛋白、α s2 -酪蛋白、β-酪蛋白和κ-酪蛋白。这些基因被认为是标记辅助选择中的候选基因。因此，有必要确定这些基因与数量性状之间的关系。目的：采用PCR-RFLP方法，鉴定荷斯坦牛CSN1S1、CSN1S2、CSN2和CSN3基因的基因型，并研究其对乳成分的影响。方法：本研究的材料包括519头在集约化系统下管理的荷斯坦奶牛，分别分布在坦桑尼亚的Konya省（n:189）、Manisa省（n:195）和Diyarbakır省（n:135）。研究中使用了这些奶牛的血液和牛奶样本。采用PCR-RFLP方法对3个荷斯坦牛群体的CSN1S1、CSN1S2、CSN2和CSN3基因的遗传结构进行了分析。采用广义线性模型（GLM）分析了基因型变异对表型性状的影响。结论：研究酪蛋白基因与乳性状关系的研究增多，确定了荷斯坦牛CSN1S1、CSN2和CSN3基因的遗传变异，这些基因在早期选择中可以作为强有力的遗传标记作为标记辅助选择程序。

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来源期刊

Veterinary Medicine and Science Veterinary-General Veterinary

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

296

期刊介绍： Veterinary Medicine and Science is the peer-reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of research in all areas of veterinary medicine and science. The journal aims to serve the research community by providing a vehicle for authors wishing to publish interesting and high quality work in both fundamental and clinical veterinary medicine and science. Veterinary Medicine and Science publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper. We aim to be a truly global forum for high-quality research in veterinary medicine and science, and believe that the best research should be published and made widely accessible as quickly as possible. Veterinary Medicine and Science publishes papers submitted directly to the journal and those referred from a select group of prestigious journals published by Wiley-Blackwell. Veterinary Medicine and Science is a Wiley Open Access journal, one of a new series of peer-reviewed titles publishing quality research with speed and efficiency. For further information visit the Wiley Open Access website.