Global burden, subtype, risk factors and etiological analysis of enteric infections from 1990-2021: population based study.

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Pub Date : 2025-03-20 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2025.1527765

Youao Zhang, Yuran Zhang, Zhifeng Chen, Zixuan Jia, Yulan Yu, Jieyan Wang, Hui Liang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Enteric infections represent a prevalent global health issue and contribute significantly to the global disease burden. This study aims to investigate the patterns and trends of enteric infections from 1990 to 2021, providing valuable insights for health policy formulation, medical resource allocation, and the optimization of patient management plans.

Methods: We analyzed the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 for 21 regions and 204 countries to understand better the health burden using prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), subtype, risk factors, and etiology. We tested correlations with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), and using decomposition analysis to dissect the reasons behind changes in epidemiological indicators of the disease.

Results: In 2021, the age-standardized rates of prevalence, incidence, deaths, and DALYs per 100,000 population for enteric infections were 879.58, 577.21, 17.83, and 1020.15, respectively. Compared to 1990, these rates exhibited -0.18, -0.12, -0.73, and -0.72 changes. Gender and age analyses revealed a higher burden among females, those under 15 years old, and the elderly. Regions with low SDI had higher epidemiological indicators. The burden of Typhoid fever declines in high-development regions. Unsafe water sources were identified as the primary risk factor globally in both 1990 and 2021. Rotavirus was the leading cause of deaths and DALYs.

Conclusion: This study highlights the complex epidemiological landscape of enteric infections, revealing variations in burden, risk factors, and etiological characteristics across age, gender, and geographical regions. It underscores the urgent need for healthcare professionals and policymakers to develop innovative prevention and healthcare strategies based on the current and evolving burden of enteric infections, to alleviate the global disease burden.

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1990-2021年肠道感染的全球负担、亚型、危险因素和病因分析：基于人群的研究

背景：肠道感染是一个普遍的全球健康问题，对全球疾病负担有重要贡献。本研究旨在探讨1990年至2021年肠道感染的模式和趋势，为卫生政策制定、医疗资源配置和患者管理计划的优化提供有价值的见解。方法：我们分析了21个地区和204个国家的全球疾病负担（GBD） 2021，以更好地了解健康负担，包括患病率、发病率、死亡率和残疾调整生命年（DALYs）、亚型、危险因素和病因。我们测试了与社会人口指数（SDI）的相关性，并使用分解分析来剖析疾病流行病学指标变化背后的原因。结果：2021年，每10万人肠道感染的年龄标准化患病率、发病率、死亡率和DALYs分别为879.58、577.21、17.83和1020.15。与1990年相比，这些速率分别为-0.18、-0.12、-0.73和-0.72。性别和年龄分析显示，女性、15岁以下和老年人的负担更高。SDI低的地区流行病学指标较高。在高发展地区，伤寒的负担下降。不安全水源在1990年和2021年都被确定为全球的主要风险因素。轮状病毒是导致死亡和残疾的主要原因。结论：本研究突出了肠道感染的复杂流行病学格局，揭示了不同年龄、性别和地理区域的负担、危险因素和病因特征的变化。它强调了卫生保健专业人员和决策者迫切需要根据当前和不断变化的肠道感染负担制定创新的预防和卫生保健战略，以减轻全球疾病负担。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology IMMUNOLOGY-MICROBIOLOGY

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

7.00%

发文量

1817

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology is a leading specialty journal, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across all pathogenic microorganisms and their interaction with their hosts. Chief Editor Yousef Abu Kwaik, University of Louisville is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology includes research on bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses, endosymbionts, prions and all microbial pathogens as well as the microbiota and its effect on health and disease in various hosts. The research approaches include molecular microbiology, cellular microbiology, gene regulation, proteomics, signal transduction, pathogenic evolution, genomics, structural biology, and virulence factors as well as model hosts. Areas of research to counteract infectious agents by the host include the host innate and adaptive immune responses as well as metabolic restrictions to various pathogenic microorganisms, vaccine design and development against various pathogenic microorganisms, and the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and its countermeasures.