Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) in critical care: understanding incidence, and risk factors in Palestine.

Abstract

Introduction: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) represent a major source of morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. Central venous catheters (CVCs) are an essential part of managing critically ill patients. This study seeks to describe the epidemiology of central line-associated bloodstream infections CLABSI among ICU patients in Palestine and to identify the specific organism involved.

Methods: This retrospective descriptive study included 323 ICU patients with 490 central venous catheters. The electronic medical records were reviewed to identify patients with CLABSIs hospitalized from January 2018 through December 2021. Comparative analysis was conducted to assess associations between various variables and the incidence of CLABSI.

Result: A total of 19 CLABSI episodes in 323 patients yielded an incidence of CLABSI of approximately 5.9%, with a rate of 8.91 per 1,000 device days. CLABSI patients had significantly more CVC utilization ratio and insertions compared to non-CLABSI patients. No significant differences were observed in age, gender, or overall mortality. The most predominant bacteria was Acinetobacter baumannii (21%).

Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of minimizing CVC use and limiting the number of insertions to reduce CLABSI risk. Effective management strategies should focus on reducing CVC duration and frequency.