Dual Frameworks for Understanding OCD: Cognitive Misappraisals and Psychological Inflexibility in Clinical and Non-Clinical Populations

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI:10.1002/cpp.70065

Zahra Nejad-Ebrahim Soumee, Amirhossein Rasouli, Jennifer Krafft, Seyedeh Elnaz Mousavi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

OCD is a prevalent and debilitating mental disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviours. While cognitive models attribute OCD to dysfunctional beliefs and misinterpretations of intrusive thoughts, the inflexibility model emphasizes the role of experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion. This study investigates the relative predictive power of the cognitive and inflexibility frameworks in individuals with OCD compared to non-clinical controls.

Methods

A total of 315 participants were recruited: 125 individuals with OCD and 190 non-clinical controls. Participants completed self-report measures of OCI-R, AAQ-II, CFQ and interpretation of intrusions (III). ANOVA and Pearson correlation analyses were conducted to examine group differences and relationships between variables. Finally, multiple stepwise regression analyses were performed to investigate the predictive power of these variables on OCD symptoms in both groups.

Results

Results indicated that individuals with OCD exhibited significantly higher levels of cognitive fusion, experiential avoidance, and misinterpretation of intrusions compared to non-clinical controls. Regression analyses revealed that cognitive fusion and interpretation of intrusions were significant predictors of OCD symptoms in the non-clinical group (R² = 0.265***), while experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion were significant predictors in the clinical group (R² = 0.254***).

Conclusions

This study provides evidence for a multifaceted understanding of OCD. While the interpretation of intrusions may be more relevant in subclinical experiences of OCD, experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion may be more important as severity increases. This shift in emphasis suggests that the inflexibility model may be a better predictor of OCD symptoms than the cognitive model in individuals with a long history of the disorder.

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理解强迫症的双重框架：临床和非临床人群的认知错误评价和心理僵化

强迫症是一种普遍存在的精神障碍，其特征是侵入性思想和重复性行为。认知模型将强迫症归因于功能失调的信念和对侵入性思想的误解，而缺乏灵活性模型强调经验回避和认知融合的作用。与非临床对照相比，本研究调查了强迫症患者认知和不灵活性框架的相对预测能力。方法共招募315名参与者：强迫症患者125名，非临床对照190名。参与者完成了OCI-R、AAQ-II、CFQ和入侵解释（III）的自我报告测量。采用方差分析和Pearson相关分析来检验组间差异和变量之间的关系。最后，采用多元逐步回归分析来研究这些变量对两组强迫症症状的预测能力。结果与非临床对照相比，强迫症患者表现出更高水平的认知融合、经验回避和对干扰的误解。回归分析显示，认知融合和入侵解释是非临床组强迫症症状的显著预测因子（R2 = 0.265***），而经验回避和认知融合是临床组强迫症症状的显著预测因子（R2 = 0.254***）。结论本研究为从多方面理解强迫症提供了证据。虽然对入侵的解释可能与强迫症的亚临床经历更相关，但随着严重程度的增加，经验回避和认知融合可能更重要。这种重点的转变表明，在有长期强迫症病史的个体中，缺乏灵活性模型可能比认知模型更能预测强迫症症状。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical psychology & psychotherapy PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

106

期刊介绍： Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy aims to keep clinical psychologists and psychotherapists up to date with new developments in their fields. The Journal will provide an integrative impetus both between theory and practice and between different orientations within clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy will be a forum in which practitioners can present their wealth of expertise and innovations in order to make these available to a wider audience. Equally, the Journal will contain reports from researchers who want to address a larger clinical audience with clinically relevant issues and clinically valid research.