Entropy generation and heat-mass transfer analysis in two-phase immiscible micropolar and Jeffrey fluids under an inclined magnetic field and multiple slip conditions in a porous channel

Abstract

The efficient management of heat and mass transfer in immiscible non-Newtonian fluids is a critical challenge in advanced engineering systems, such as heat exchangers, chemical reactors, and biomedical devices. Motivated by the present need to enhance energy efficiency and reduce entropy generation in the systems involving complex fluid interactions, in this work, the authors have investigated the entropy generation, flow dynamics, and thermal and concentration profiles of immiscible micropolar and Jeffrey fluids in a horizontal porous channel. The analysis of combined influences of thermal radiation, magnetic field, thermal slip, velocity slip and diffusion slip on the immiscible fluid’s temperature, velocity and concentration distribution, and entropy generation during the flow of non-miscible fluids via a horizontal channel occupied with porous, are the main objective of the present model. These kind of configuration rarely explored in prior research. The immiscible micropolar and Jeffrey fluids’ velocity, temperature distribution, and concentration all were determined by finding the closed form solutions of the associated governing fluid flow equations with the help of classical method. The present work assumes steady, incompressible, and laminar flow with immiscible layers separated by a sharp interface and employs the Darcy’s and Brinkman model for the porous region. The graphical results reveal several novel findings, including a 20% reduction in entropy generation with increased porosity and a 15% improvement in heat transfer efficiency due to thermal slip effects. Additionally, the temperature profile peaks at the fluid interface, showcasing the dominance of interfacial heat exchange, while Jeffrey fluids exhibit 25% higher concentration profiles compared to micropolar fluids due to their relaxation dynamics. This study fills a significant research gap by analyzing the synergistic effects of immiscibility, non-Newtonian rheology, and porous media under multiple external influences—an area neglected in previous work. The findings offer practical insights into optimizing energy-efficient designs for chemical processing, petroleum recovery, polymer extrusion, and biomedical systems. This work’s novelty is found in its thorough examination of entropy generation and heat/mass transfer mechanisms in immiscible fluid systems, highlighting the interplay of interfacial dynamics, slip conditions, and porous resistance in enhancing thermal performance and minimizing energy losses.